This study will use high field MRI (3 Tesla), PET and biomarker to follow prostate cancers and determine if these tests can detect cancers that become aggressive.

This study may lead to the identification of additional investigations that can monitor for signs of disease progression in active surveillance protocols. This can directly benefit patients by providing them with greater confidence that their disease is being accurately monitored. In addition, this study may be beneficial to the general management of prostate cancers by adding to our knowledge of these investigations characterizing prostate cancers.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate
• Registration must occur within 16 weeks of last biopsy
• History and physical exam (including DRE) within 8 weeks prior to registration
• Patients must have indolent prostate cancer including all of the following: Low risk prostate cancer, less or equal to 50 % of core biopsies involved with disease, and less or equal to three biopsies involved with disease
• Patients must have a minimum of six biopsies (sextant) at registration
• PSA test within 8 weeks registration
• Creatinine level below 100 umol/L within 8 weeks of registration
• Patients must have no contraindications to MRI scans
• No history of previous malignancies except non-melanoma skin tumors or other malignancies with a greater than 5 year life expectancy
• Patients must be reliable for follow up

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient does not have histologically-proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate
• Last biopsy greater than 16 weeks prior to registration
• History and physical exam (including DRE) greater that 8 weeks prior to registration
• Patient does not have indolent disease
• Patient has less than six sextant biopsies at registration
• PSA test done greater than 8 weeks from registration
• Creatinine level greater than 100 umol/L within 8 weeks of registration
• Contraindications to MRI scans
• History of previous malignancies other than non-melanoma skin tumors or other malignancies with a greater than 5 year life expectancy
• Patients that are not reliable for follow up