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The purpose of this study is to determine whether Sativex® and GW-2000-02 are effective in the management of subjects with intractable cancer-related pain.
This is a two week (two days baseline and two weeks treatment period), multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, parallel group study to evaluate the efficacy of Sativex® and GW-2000-02 in subjects with cancer-related pain. Subjects are screened to determine eligibility and completed a two-day baseline period. Subjects then return to the centre for assessment, randomisation and dose introduction. All subjects are allowed to continue using all their current medications, provided that the dose remains stable throughout the study period. Their progress is reviewed after seven to 10 days and at the end of the study (day 14 to 20), or upon withdrawal. Subjects in this study are given the opportunity to be enrolled in an open label extension study (GWEXT0101).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | Placebo control |
|
| Sativex | Experimental | Active treatment |
|
| THC Alone | Experimental | Active treatment |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Drug | Containing colourants and excipients. Subjects received study medication delivered in 100 µl actuations by a pump action oromucosal spray. Maximum permitted dose was eight actuations in any three hour period and 48 actuations in 24 hours. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Change in Mean Pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Score From Baseline to the End of the Treatment. | The pain NRS was complete at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate the number that best describes your pain or average pain in the last 24 hours" where 0 = no pain and 10 = pain as bad as you can imagine. No pain relates to the time prior to the onset of pain due to cancer. A negative value indicates an improvement in pain score from baseline. | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
| The Consumption of Escape Analgesic Medication. | Subjects recorded their use of escape medication each day on their diary card. | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Sleep Disturbance 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The sleep disruption NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how your pain disrupted your sleep last night?" where 0 = did not disrupt sleep and 10 = completely disrupted (unable to sleep at all). A negative value indicates an improvement in sleep disruption score from baseline. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jeremy R Johnson, MB ChB | Shropshire and Mid-Wales Hospice | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shropshire and Mid-Wales Hospice | Shrewsbury | SY3 8HS | United Kingdom |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19896326 | Result | Johnson JR, Burnell-Nugent M, Lossignol D, Ganae-Motan ED, Potts R, Fallon MT. Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of THC:CBD extract and THC extract in patients with intractable cancer-related pain. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2010 Feb;39(2):167-79. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.06.008. Epub 2009 Nov 5. |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Sativex | Each 100 uL actuation contained 27 mg/ml THC and 25 mg/ml CBD |
| FG001 | THC Alone | Each 100 uL actuation contained 27 mg/ml THC |
| FG002 | Placebo | Each 100 uL actuation contained colourant and excipients |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Sativex | Each 100 uL actuation contained 27 mg/ml THC and 25 mg/ml CBD |
| BG001 | THC Alone | Each 100 uL actuation contained 27 mg/ml THC |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical | Count of Participants |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | The Change in Mean Pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Score From Baseline to the End of the Treatment. | The pain NRS was complete at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate the number that best describes your pain or average pain in the last 24 hours" where 0 = no pain and 10 = pain as bad as you can imagine. No pain relates to the time prior to the onset of pain due to cancer. A negative value indicates an improvement in pain score from baseline. | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population. This population was used for the primary analysis. Presented below is the adjusted mean change from baseline in mean pain NRS. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
|
All adverse events (AEs) occurring from the time of consent to post study follow up (14 - 20 days) were collected. All deaths and serious adverse events (SAEs) occurring within 28 days of the final dose of study medication were also collected.
All AEs occurring during the study were reported on the running logs at the back of the study case report form.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Sativex | Maximum number of daily sprays was 48 giving a maximum daily dose of 130 mg THC and 120 mg CBD |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardio-respiratory arrest | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Somnolence | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mr Richard Potts, Clinical Operations Director | GW Pharma Ltd. | 0044 1223 266800 | rp@gwpharm.com |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C587251 | nabiximols |
| D013759 | Dronabinol |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002186 | Cannabinoids |
| D013729 | Terpenes |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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|
| Sativex® | Drug | Containing D9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 27 mg/ml: cannabidiol (CBD), 25 mg/ml. Subjects received study medication delivered in 100 µl actuations by a pump action oromucosal spray. Maximum permitted dose was eight actuations in any three hour period and 48 actuations (THC 130 mg:CBD 120 mg) in 24 hours. |
|
|
| THC Alone | Drug | Containing THC, 27 mg/ml, as extract of Cannabis sativa L. Subjects received study medication delivered in 100 µl actuations by a pump action oromucosal spray. Maximum permitted dose was eight actuations in any three hour period and 48 actuations (THC 130 mg) in 24 hours. |
|
|
| 2 weeks: baseline to end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
| Nausea 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The nausea NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how sick you felt throughout the day?" where 0 = not sick at all and 10 = very sick. A negative value indicates an improvement in nausea score from baseline. | 2 weeks; baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
| Memory 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The memory NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how well you are able to remember what you have done in the past 24 hours?" where 0 = very well and 10 = not at all. A negative value indicates an improvement in memory score from baseline. | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
| Appetite 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The appetite NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how your appetite has been throughout the day?" where 0 = very good and 10 = very poor. A negative value indicates an improvement in appetite score from baseline. | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
| Concentration 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The concentration NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how well have you been able to concentrate throughout the day e.g. when reading a newspaper?" where 0 = very well and 10 = not at all. A negative value indicates an improvement in concentration score from baseline. | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
| EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQC30) | Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), a core cancer-specific questionnaire containing 30 items on patients' functioning, global quality of life, disease- and treatment related symptoms. Higher scores indicate a greater degree of symptoms, min.: 0, Max.: 100 | 2 weeks; baseline and end of treatment (2 weeks) |
| Brief Pain Inventory Short Form | The BPI-SF is a 14-item questionnaire that asks patients to rate pain over the prior week and the degree to which it interferes with activities on a 0 to 10 scale, where 0=no pain and 10=pain as bad as you can imagine. Severity is measured as worst pain, least pain, average pain, and pain right now. The severity composite score was calculated as the arithmetic mean of the four severity items(range 0-10). The minimum value is zero and maximum is 10. A higher score represents a poor outcome. | End of 2 weeks |
| BG002 | Placebo | Each 100 uL actuation contained colourant and excipients |
| BG003 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Participants |
|
| Age, Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
Each 100 μl actuation of Sativex delivered a dose containing 2.7 mg THC and 2.5 mg CBD. The maximum permitted dose of study medication was eight actuations in any three hour period, and 48 actuations (130 mg THC and 120 mg CBD) in any 24 hour period. |
| OG001 | THC Alone | Each 100 μl actuation of THC delivered a dose containing 2.7 mg THC only. The maximum permitted dose of study medication was eight actuations in any three hour period, and 48 actuations (130 mg) in any 24 hour period. |
| OG002 | Placebo | Each actuation of placebo delivered the excipients plus colourants. The maximum permitted dose of study medication was eight actuations in any three hour period, and 48 actuations in any 24 hour period. |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Sleep Disturbance 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The sleep disruption NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how your pain disrupted your sleep last night?" where 0 = did not disrupt sleep and 10 = completely disrupted (unable to sleep at all). A negative value indicates an improvement in sleep disruption score from baseline. | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population, used for this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 2 weeks: baseline to end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
|
|
|
|
| Secondary | Nausea 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The nausea NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how sick you felt throughout the day?" where 0 = not sick at all and 10 = very sick. A negative value indicates an improvement in nausea score from baseline. | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population, used for this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 2 weeks; baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
|
|
|
|
| Secondary | Memory 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The memory NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how well you are able to remember what you have done in the past 24 hours?" where 0 = very well and 10 = not at all. A negative value indicates an improvement in memory score from baseline. | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population, used for this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
|
|
|
|
| Secondary | Appetite 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The appetite NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how your appetite has been throughout the day?" where 0 = very good and 10 = very poor. A negative value indicates an improvement in appetite score from baseline. | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population, used for this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
|
|
|
|
| Secondary | Concentration 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale | The concentration NRS was completed at the same time each day, i.e. bedtime in the evening. The patient was asked "on a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate how well have you been able to concentrate throughout the day e.g. when reading a newspaper?" where 0 = very well and 10 = not at all. A negative value indicates an improvement in concentration score from baseline. | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population, used for this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
|
|
|
|
| Secondary | EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQC30) | Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), a core cancer-specific questionnaire containing 30 items on patients' functioning, global quality of life, disease- and treatment related symptoms. Higher scores indicate a greater degree of symptoms, min.: 0, Max.: 100 | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population, used for this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | 2 weeks; baseline and end of treatment (2 weeks) |
|
|
|
|
| Secondary | Brief Pain Inventory Short Form | The BPI-SF is a 14-item questionnaire that asks patients to rate pain over the prior week and the degree to which it interferes with activities on a 0 to 10 scale, where 0=no pain and 10=pain as bad as you can imagine. Severity is measured as worst pain, least pain, average pain, and pain right now. The severity composite score was calculated as the arithmetic mean of the four severity items(range 0-10). The minimum value is zero and maximum is 10. A higher score represents a poor outcome. | All subjects who were randomised, received at least one actuation of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data were included in the ITT population, used for this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | End of 2 weeks |
|
|
|
|
| Primary | The Consumption of Escape Analgesic Medication. | Subjects recorded their use of escape medication each day on their diary card. | The primary population for this analysis was the intention-to-treat (ITT) population, which included all randomised subjects who received at least 1 dose of study medication and had on-treatment efficacy data. The primary analysis escape medication usage i.e. the number of days escape medication was used did not include any covariates. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | tablets per day | 2 weeks: baseline - end of week 2 (last 3 days of treatment) |
|
|
|
|
| 13 |
| 60 |
| 51 |
| 60 |
| EG001 | THC Alone | Maximum number of daily sprays was 48 giving a maximum daily dose of 130 mg THC | 13 | 58 | 45 | 58 |
| EG002 | Placebo | Maximum number of daily sprays was 48 | 7 | 59 | 44 | 59 |
| Gastric ulcer haemorrhage | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Nausea | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Nausea aggravated | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Disease progression nos | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Chest pain | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Malaise | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Weakness | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Bronchopneumonia nos | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Oral candidiasis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Blood urine present | Investigations | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Hyperglycaemia nos | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Back pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Chest wall pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Groin pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Neoplasm progression nos | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Malignant neoplasm progression | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Metastases to brain | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Metastases to prostate | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Tumour haemorrhage | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Tumour pain | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Somnolence | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Cerebrovascular accident | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Spinal cord compression nos | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Syncope | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Tremor | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Confusion | Psychiatric disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Anxiety | Psychiatric disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Disorientation | Psychiatric disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Urinary retention | Renal and urinary disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Renal Failure nos | Renal and urinary disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Dyspnoea nos | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Family stress nos | Social circumstances | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Nausea | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Dizziness | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Neoplasm progression NOS | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Vomiting | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Confusion | Psychiatric disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Diarrhoea NOS | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Constipation | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Liver function test NOS abnormal | Investigations | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Weakness | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Vertigo | Ear and labyrinth disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Hypotension NOS | Vascular disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Urinary retention | Renal and urinary disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Oral pain | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Glossodynia | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased | Investigations | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Fatigue | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Chest Pain | General disorders | MedDRA 5.0 | Systematic Assessment |
|
GW will coordinate the dissemination of data from this study and may solicit input and assistance from the principal investigator. All publications, for example manuscripts, abstracts, oral/slide presentations or book chapters based on this study, must be submitted to GW for corporate review before release.
|
Each secondary variable was tested using a two-sided significance level of α=0.05, unless otherwise specified. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. If the overall treatment effect for the secondary variables was statistically significant then treatment comparisons was made between active treatments and placebo. |
| ANCOVA |
| 0.95 |
| Estimated mean treatment difference |
| 0.02 |
| 2-Sided |
| 95 |
| -0.64 |
| 0.68 |
| Superiority or Other (legacy) |
|
Each secondary variable was tested using a two-sided significance level of α=0.05, unless otherwise specified. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. If the overall treatment effect for the secondary variables was statistically significant then treatment comparisons was made between active treatments and placebo. |
| ANCOVA |
| 0.126 |
| Estimated mean treatment difference |
| 0.46 |
| 2-Sided |
| 95 |
| -0.13 |
| 1.05 |
| Superiority or Other (legacy) |
|
Each secondary variable was tested using a two-sided significance level of α=0.05, unless otherwise specified. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. If the overall treatment effect for the secondary variables was statistically significant then treatment comparisons was made between active treatments and placebo. |
| ANCOVA |
| 0.053 |
| Estimated mean treatment difference |
| 0.62 |
| 2-Sided |
| 95 |
| -0.01 |
| 1.25 |
| Superiority or Other (legacy) |
|
Each secondary variable was tested using a two-sided significance level of α=0.05, unless otherwise specified. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. If the overall treatment effect for the secondary variables was statistically significant then treatment comparisons was made between active treatments and placebo. |
| ANCOVA |
| 0.056 |
| Estimated mean treatment difference |
| 0.66 |
| 2-Sided |
| 95 |
| -0.02 |
| 1.33 |
| Superiority or Other (legacy) |
|
Each secondary variable was tested using a two-sided significance level of α=0.05, unless otherwise specified. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. If the overall treatment effect for the secondary variables was statistically significant then treatment comparisons was made between active treatments and placebo. |
| ANCOVA |
| 0.028 |
| Estimated treatment difference |
| 0.64 |
| 2-Sided |
| 95 |
| 0.07 |
| 1.22 |
| Superiority or Other (legacy) |
|
Analysis of the change from baseline was assessed using ANCOVA, adjusting for the effects of the baseline value. The significance of the treatment effect, after adjusting for the baseline value, was assessed using the F-test from the ANCOVA. If found significant at the 5% level, then the mean difference between treatments together with 95% CI were presented. |
| ANCOVA |
| 0.793 |
| estimated mean treatment difference |
| 0.84 |
| 2-Sided |
| 95 |
| -5.46 |
| 7.13 |
| Superiority or Other (legacy) |
| Change in pain scores on-treatment were be compared between groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The baseline pain score was fitted as a covariate in the model. The significance of the treatment effect after adjusting for baseline pain score was assessed using the F-test from the ANCOVA. If this was significant at the 5% level, then the mean difference between treatments together with the 95% confidence interval was presented for Sativex versus placebo and THC versus placebo. | ANCOVA | 0.048 | Estimated mean treatment difference | -4.07 | 2-Sided | 95 | -8.10 | -0.05 | Superiority or Other (legacy) |
| The on-treatment data was calculated from all available data during the last three days. The number of days the escape medication was used out of the last three days taken in the study was compared between treatments using logistic regression with a cumulative logit model. From this analysis the frequency distribution (%) of number days escape medication was used was presented together with the odds ratio, p-value and 95% CI for the treatment contrasts. | Regression, Logistic | 0.899 | Estimated mean treatment difference | 0.01 | 2-Sided | 95 | -0.19 | 0.22 | Superiority or Other (legacy) |