The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to assess awareness of and adherence to Texas SB42 among a representative sample of public middle schools in Texas; and 2) to assess the impact of SB42 on the frequency of school PE class, the quality of school PE, and prevalence of child self-reported physical activity behaviors and child overweight along the Texas-Mexico border.

Childhood overweight is a significant public health issue in Texas. In response to this problem, the 79th Texas legislature passed Senate Bill 42 (SB 42), which promotes healthier school environments in middle schools, in June, 2005. As a result of SB 42, all Texas public middle schools must require students to engage in at least 30 minutes of daily physical activity or a total of 135 minutes of physical activity per week, beginning in the 2006-2007 school year. The purpose of this study was to determine the barriers and facilitators of implementation and the ultimate impact of this mandate on school PE, child physical activity, and child overweight in Texas public middle schools, and specifically among children living in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of South Texas. Questionnaires with key informants (school principals, PE teachers, and school district PE and health education directors) were conducted in a random sample of middle schools to assess the implementation of SB 42 (2006-2007). In addition, a more detailed evaluation of SB 42 was accomplished with a representative sample of middle schools in the LRGV, a low-income Latino area of the state. Measurements in the LRGV schools included observed and measured child physical activity, self-reported physical activity behaviors, and child overweight (BMI).

Inclusion Criteria:

• The study sample consisted of a representative sample of Texas public middle schools (112 schools) as well as a representative sample of Lower Rio Grande Valley middle schools (17 schools).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Middle schools that did not participate in the 2004-2005 School Physical Activity and Nutrition Project.

There are 1,224 school districts and 1,159 public middle schools in the state of Texas. Of all Texas students, 43% are Hispanic, 14% are African American, 40% are White, and 3% are other. Additionally, 51.8% are considered economically disadvantaged. PHR 11 covers a large area of the LRGV (along the Texas/Mexico border), and including 50 school districts and 485 public schools. Within PHR 11, 84.5% of children are considered economically disadvantage and more than 90% are Latino).