Poor patient enrollment due to logistical issues

1. To assess the effect of RG1068 at a dose of 0.2 mcg/kg intravenously (IV) on the diameter of the pancreatic duct when used during Magnetic Resonance Pancreatography.
2. To demonstrate that RG1068-enhanced MRCP improves image quality relative to unenhanced MRCP in patients with unexplained acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) and chronic pancreatitis.
3. To evaluate if the use of RG1068-enhanced MRCP improves structural delineation of the pancreatic duct as compared to the non-enhanced MRCP.
4. To assess pancreatic exocrine function by quantifying pancreatic fluid output into the duodenum and the apparent diffusion coefficient of the pancreas.

Until relatively recently, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was the primary diagnostic and therapeutic modality for assessing patients with suspected pancreatic disease or abnormalities. However, this invasive procedure carries with it a significant potential for complications including acute pancreatitis, hemorrhage and infection, as well as reactions to contrast material or premedications and exposure to radiation. In addition, the success of such procedures, both from the standpoint of safety and efficacy, is highly dependent on the skill of the endoscopist, and the cost of ERCP is relatively high.

The advent of magnetic resonance imaging has resulted in the development of a less expensive, non-invasive, radiation-free means of assessing the pancreaticobiliary system: Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). MRCP uses stationary water in biliary and pancreatic secretions as an intrinsic contrast medium, thus facilitating examination of pancreatic and biliary ducts and surrounding tissue. Secretin, which promotes the secretion of pancreatic fluid into the pancreatic ducts, can thereby enhance the MR imaging signal, improving delineation of both normal and abnormal structures, as well as highlighting abnormal fluid collections and leakage. Conversely, filling defects can indicate the presence of stones or mass lesions.

This study is being undertaken to prospectively assess the effectiveness of RG1068-enhanced MRCP relative to unenhanced MRCP in pediatric patients. RG1068 is a synthetic human secretin with a pharmacological profile very similar to that of biological and synthetic porcine secretins. Secretin is a 27-amino acid gastrointestinal peptide hormone that is produced by S-cells in the duodenum in response to the pH decrease caused by the passage of partially digested food from the stomach into the intestine. RG1068 is identical in amino acid sequence to naturally occurring human secretin and differs from porcine secretin in 2 amino acids.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Males and females 2-18 years of age
• Is clinically indicated for MRCP of the pancreas based on clinical criteria
• Scheduled for MRCP and therapeutic or diagnostic ERCP or surgery for the assessment of chronic pancreatitis or acute recurrent pancreatitis (Children with a single episode of pancreatitis will not be included)
• Parent or legal guardian has been fully informed and has personally signed and dated the Written Informed Consent and Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act (HIPAA) provisions
• Is a male, or is a female not of childbearing potential, or is a female of childbearing potential who is using effective contraception and has a negative serum pregnancy test on the same day, but prior to, study drug administration
• Is able and willing to complete all study procedures specified in the protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of a pancreatic stent
• History of any clinically significant cardiac, endocrinologic, hematologic, hepatic, immunologic, metabolic, urologic, pulmonary, neurologic, dermatologic, psychiatric, renal, and/or other major disease which, in the opinion of the investigator, precludes study participation
• History of sensitivity to any of the ingredients in the study drug
• Pregnancy
• Any contraindication to MRI procedure, including but not limited to implanted metal devices (e.g., pacemaker, aneurysm clips, cochlear implants)