This investigational study involves treatment with an Ad/PSA vaccine for men with prostate cancer who present with evidence of hormone refractory metastatic disease.

Subjects in this trial will be eligible if they have recent evidence of hormone refractory disease (D3) and either (a) have a positive bone scan or a positive CT scan (with obvious soft tissue metastasis or lymph nodes >1 cm), with a PSA doubling time of >/= 12 months, a total PSA of < 5 mg/ml, and are asymptomatic; or (b) have a negative bone scan with any PSA doubling time, are asymptomatic, and are not a candidate for chemotherapy.

This is a virus vaccine in which the gene for prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been placed into a common cold virus termed adenovirus (Ad) to produce this Ad/PSA product. The purpose of this study is to determine whether vaccination with the Ad/PSA vaccine will induce an anti-PSA immunity that will result in the destruction of the remaining prostate cancer cells.

Subjects will be vaccinated three times, each injection administered at 30-day intervals. Based upon our earlier clinical trial, the vaccine is considered safe and should not induce any major side effects. The investigators hope that vaccination with this PSA virus will cause the body to produce immunity to the PSA and that immunity will destroy any cell that produces PSA. Since the only cells left in the body that produce PSA will be the cancer cells, the investigators propose that the vaccination and ensuing anti-PSA immunity will kill the prostate cancer cells. Importantly, this treatment should not cause any major side effects as would treatment with anti-cancer drugs.

Inclusion criteria:

• Men with prostate cancer who present with evidence of hormone refractory disease (D3).
• Men with a positive bone scan or a positive CT scan (with obvious soft tissue metastasis or lymph nodes >1 cm), a PSA doubling time of >/= 6 months, and a total PSA of <10 ng/ml, and asymptomatic OR men with a negative bone scan and a negative CT scan with any PSA doubling time and asymptomatic.
• Scans must be obtained within 6 weeks of initiation of treatment.
• Written informed consent.
• Age >/= 18 years.
• Required laboratory values (obtained within 2 weeks of initiation of treatment)
• Serum creatinine </= 2.0 mg/dL
• Adequate hematologic function: granulocytes >/= 1800 per mm3, platelets >/= 100,000 per mm3, WBC >/= 3700, and lymphocytes >590.
• Adequate hepatocellular function: AST <3x upper limit of normal and total bilirubin <1.5 mg/dl (unless bilirubin elevation is consistent with Gilbert's syndrome).
• Castrate levels of testosterone of \

All-Cause Mortality was collected and assessed every 6 months via phone and then via medial record review during long-term follow-up, up to 14 years, AEs collected and recorded at least 4 weeks (30 days) after the last exposure to the study drug (up to day 90).