The study compares the benefits of short daily hemodialysis six days a week, nocturnal (night time) hemodialysis six days a week, every other day and every other night hemodialysis to traditional three days a week hemodialysis.The hypothesis is that increasing hemodialysis treatment time and/or frequency will improve outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Stable vascular access, i.e., lack of needling difficulties and stable flow rates. Accesses will include fistulae, grafts, catheters and ports.
• 18 years of age.
• History of compliance with a dialysis treatment schedule, or if a new patient, express a willingness to be compliant with a treatment schedule.
• Plan to continue care and follow-up at the investigational site.
• Able to sign the informed consent and other relevant documents.

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of poor compliance with thrice (or twice) weekly dialysis schedules as manifested by more than three unexplained missed treatments in the past six (6) months.
• Pregnancy.
• Intravenous drug abuser.
• Expects to receive a transplant or transfer to another facility within six months of entering the study.