Risk Factors for Piperacillin/Tazobactam Resistance in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Organisms

Risk Factors for Piperacillin/Tazobactam Resistance in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Organisms

This research will be conducted to determine whether risk factors exist for piperacillin/tazobactam resistance in ESBL organisms.

This is chart review at UPMC. NO human subject interaction will occur.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Clinical information is collected by chart review of "case" and "control" patients.
• A "case A" patient is defined as follows: One or more clinical cultures are positive for an ESBL producing bacteria and the organism is piperacillin/tazobactam resistant.
• A "case B" patient is defined as follows: One or more clinical cultures are positive for an ESBL producing bacteria and the organism is piperacillin/tazobactam susceptible.
• Additionally, 1 control patient in the hospital at the same time as the case patients will be randomly selected for each case and are not in either case group.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients < 18 years of age