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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| The S. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition | OTHER |
| Clalit Health Services | OTHER |
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Obese patients with type 2 diabetes often fail to loose weight and thus do not succeed in improving their sugar and lipid profiles and remain at high risk for diabetes complications
The study enrolled 259 obese diabetic patients attending HMO clinics in central Israel. Over a 6 month period the participants met with a dietitian every fortnight and attended group lectures every 2 months.
The objective of this intervention was to compare three dietary intervention along with close monitoring of the patients by dietitians, regarding blood lipid and sugar balance as well as weight loss. The three diets are the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diet from 2003; a diet containing low glycemic index carbohydrate otherwise similar to the ADA diet; and a low glycemic index diet with more fat than the other 2 diets with high proportion of mono-unsaturated fatty acids.
Patients were individually randomized to receive one of the three diets. Among the measures obtained every 3 months for the first year and every 6 months thereafter are weight, fasting insulin and glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood and urine chemistry profiles and lipid profile.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Active Comparator | ADA 2003 diet |
|
| 2 | Active Comparator | Low Glycemic index (LGI) diet |
|
| 3 | Active Comparator | MUFA diet |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUFA diet | Behavioral | Patients were advised to consume 23 cal/kg/day. The diet contained sodium (up to 3000mg/day), potassium (more than 3000 mg/day), calcium (around 1300 mg/day) and magnesium (more than 800 mg/day). MUFA diet included only low glycemic index carbohydrates. The diet consisted of 35% carbohydrates and 45% fat (50% of them were mono-unsaturated fatty acids [MUFA]). Participants were advised to eat 4-6 meals per day according to their lifestyle and to participate in 30-45 min of aerobic activity at least 3 days a week. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Triglyceride level, glycated hemoglobin level, fasting plasma glucose | baseline and every 3 months during year 1, every 6 months therafter |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Weight, BMI, waist hip circumference, insulin resistance using HOMA (fasting glucose to fasting insulin ration), HDL-Cholesterol level. | baseline, every 3 months in year 1, every 6 months therafter |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Drora Fraser, PhD | Ben-Gurion University of the Negev | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clalit HMO | Rehovot, Petach Tikva, Ramle | Central District | Israel |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17327309 | Result | Shahar DR, Abel R, Elhayany A, Vardi H, Fraser D. Does dairy calcium intake enhance weight loss among overweight diabetic patients? Diabetes Care. 2007 Mar;30(3):485-9. doi: 10.2337/dc06-1564. | |
| 20151996 | Derived | Elhayany A, Lustman A, Abel R, Attal-Singer J, Vinker S. A low carbohydrate Mediterranean diet improves cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes control among overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 1-year prospective randomized intervention study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2010 Mar;12(3):204-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01151.x. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004032 | Diet |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
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| ADA 2003 | Behavioral | Patients were advised to consume 23 cal/kg/day. The diet contained sodium (up to 3000mg/day), potassium (more than 3000 mg/day), calcium (around 1300 mg/day) and magnesium (more than 800 mg/day). The carbohydrates are with mixed glycemic index. The diet contains 50-55% carbohydrates, 30% fat and 15-20% protein. Participants were advised to eat 4-6 meals per day according to their lifestyle and to participate in 30-45 min of aerobic activity at least 3 days a week. |
|
| Low Glycemic index (LGI) diet | Behavioral | Patients were advised to consume 23 cal/kg/day. The diet contained sodium (up to 3000mg/day), potassium (more than 3000 mg/day), calcium (around 1300 mg/day) and magnesium (more than 800 mg/day). LGI diet included only low glycemic index carbohydrates. The diet consisted of 50-55% carbohydrates, 30% fat and 20%. protein. Participants were advised to eat 4-6 meals per day according to their lifestyle and to participate in 30-45 min of aerobic activity at least 3 days a week. |
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| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |