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In some participants with cystic fibrosis (CF), the disease is caused by a nonsense mutation (premature stop codon) in the gene that makes the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein. Ataluren has been shown to partially restore CFTR production in animals with CF due to a nonsense mutation. The main purpose of this study is to understand whether ataluren can safely increase functional CFTR protein in the cells of participants with CF due to a nonsense mutation.
In this study, participants with CF due to a nonsense mutation will be treated with a new investigational drug called ataluren. Evaluation procedures (history, physical examination, blood and urine tests to assess organ function, electrocardiogram [ECG], chest x-ray, and CF-specific tests) to determine if a participant qualifies for the study will be performed within 21 days prior to the start of treatment. Eligible participants with nonsense-mutation-mediated CF will receive 2 repeated 28-day cycles, each comprising of 14 days on therapy and 14 days off therapy. In a crossover design, participants will be randomized to receive ataluren treatment in Cycle 1 by either of the following regimens:
In Cycle 2, participants will then receive the drug according to the regimen opposite from that given in Cycle 1.
There will be a 2-night stay at the clinical research center at the beginning and at the end of each 14 days of ataluren treatment, which means that there will be four 2-night stays at the clinical research center during the study. During the study, ataluren efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics (PK) will be evaluated periodically with measurements of transepithelial potential difference (TEPD), nasal mucosal brushing to assess for cellular CFTR messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein, medical history, physical examinations, blood tests, sputum test, urinalysis, ECGs, chest x-ray, and pulmonary function tests.
The measurement of TEPD, also known as nasal potential difference, provides a sensitive evaluation of sodium and chloride transport directly in secretory epithelial cells. TEPD assessments are made on the nasal epithelium cells lining the inferior turbinate because these cells are easier to access than the respiratory epithelial cells lining the lower airways and have been shown to have the same ion transport characteristics. As an endpoint, TEPD has the advantage that it can detect chloride transport changes that are a quantitative integration of the presence, functional activity, and apical location of the CFTR in airway cells. Furthermore, it is a direct measure of CFTR activity that is not likely to be affected by supportive or palliative treatments for CF (with the possible exception of systemically administered aminoglycoside antibiotics).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg, then ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg | Experimental | During Cycle 1, participants will receive ataluren at 4 mg/kg in the morning, 4 mg/kg at midday, and 8 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants will crossover to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
|
| Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg, then ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg | Experimental | During Cycle 1, participants will receive ataluren at 10 mg/kg in the morning, 10 mg/kg at midday, and 20 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants will crossover to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ataluren | Drug | Ataluren will be provided as a vanilla-flavored powder to be mixed with water, milk, or apple juice. Participants are to receive a total of 42 doses of ataluren during each cycle, for a total of 84 doses of ataluren in both cycles. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Total Chloride Transport at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | Nasal transepithelial potential difference (TEPD) was assessed in each participant using standardized techniques. Warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were perfused for ≥3-minute sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed for each nostril. The total chloride transport values were calculated by subtracting the voltages at the end of a perfusion from the voltage at the end of an earlier perfusion (isoproterenol - amiloride). The average of the values for each nostril was computed. If the assessment was available in only 1 nostril, this value was used as if it were the average of both nostrils. Baseline data for Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 and change from Baseline data at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 are presented. | Baseline of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
| Number of Participants With a Chloride Transport Response at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | Nasal TEPD was assessed in each participant using standardized techniques. Warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol, and ATP were perfused for ≥3-minute sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed for each nostril. The total chloride transport values were calculated by subtracting the voltages at the end of a perfusion from the voltage at the end of an earlier perfusion (isoproterenol - amiloride). The average of the values for each nostril was computed. If the assessment was available in only 1 nostril, this value was used as if it were the average of both nostrils. Response to study treatment defined as an increase in total chloride transport as indicated by a change of at least -5 mV in nasal TEPD. | Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
| Number of Participants With Normalization of Chloride Transport Between Baseline and Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | Nasal TEPD was assessed in each participant using standardized techniques. Warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol, and ATP were perfused for ≥3-minute sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed for each nostril. The total chloride transport values were calculated by subtracting the voltages at the end of a perfusion from the voltage at the end of an earlier perfusion (isoproterenol - amiloride). The average of the values for each nostril was computed. If the assessment was available in only 1 nostril, this value was used as if it were the average of both nostrils. Normalization of chloride transport (normal range [NR]) was defined as nasal TEPD that was at least as electrically negative as -5 mV. Normalization in chloride transport can also be referred to as hyperpolarization. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Parameters of Transepithelial Difference at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | To assess TEPD, warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol and ATP were perfused for ≥3-minutes sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed per nostril. Totals were calculated by subtracting voltages at end of perfusion from voltage at end of earlier perfusion for: sodium transport (amiloride-Ringer's solution), intrinsic chloride transport (chloride-free gluconate-amiloride), stimulated chloride transport (isoproterenol-chloride-free gluconate), total potential difference (isoproterenol-Ringer's solution), and ATP-mediated chloride transport (ATP-isoproterenol). Basal potential difference voltage was obtained at end of Ringer's solution perfusion. Average values per nostril were computed. If assessment was available in only 1 nostril, the value was used as if it's the average of both nostrils. Baseline data for Cycles 1 and 2 and change from Baseline data are presented. |
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Inclusion Criteria: Participants must meet all of the following conditions to be eligible for enrollment into the study:
Exclusion Criteria: The presence of any of the following conditions will exclude a participant from enrollment in the study:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, MD | Hopital Necker | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reine Fabiola Hospital | Brussels | 1020 | Belgium | |||
| UZ Gasthuisberg Leuven |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20622033 | Derived | Sermet-Gaudelus I, Boeck KD, Casimir GJ, Vermeulen F, Leal T, Mogenet A, Roussel D, Fritsch J, Hanssens L, Hirawat S, Miller NL, Constantine S, Reha A, Ajayi T, Elfring GL, Miller LL. Ataluren (PTC124) induces cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein expression and activity in children with nonsense mutation cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Nov 15;182(10):1262-72. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201001-0137OC. Epub 2010 Jul 9. |
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Participants were randomized so that half received the lower-dose level in Cycle 1 and then the higher-dose level in Cycle 2 (low-to-high dose sequence) and half received the higher-dose level in Cycle 1 and then the lower-dose level in Cycle 2 (high-to-low dose sequence).
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg, Then Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg | During Cycle 1, participants received ataluren at 4 milligrams (mg/kg) in the morning, 4 mg/kg at midday, and 8 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants crossed over to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
| FG001 | Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg, Then Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg | During Cycle 1, participants received ataluren at 10 mg/kg in the morning, 10 mg/kg at midday, and 20 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants crossed over to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cycle 1 |
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| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cycle 2 |
|
All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg, Then Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg | During Cycle 1, participants received ataluren at 4 mg/kg in the morning, 4 mg/kg at midday, and 8 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants crossed over to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Change From Baseline in Total Chloride Transport at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | Nasal transepithelial potential difference (TEPD) was assessed in each participant using standardized techniques. Warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were perfused for ≥3-minute sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed for each nostril. The total chloride transport values were calculated by subtracting the voltages at the end of a perfusion from the voltage at the end of an earlier perfusion (isoproterenol - amiloride). The average of the values for each nostril was computed. If the assessment was available in only 1 nostril, this value was used as if it were the average of both nostrils. Baseline data for Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 and change from Baseline data at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable chloride transport data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | millivolts (mV) | Baseline of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
Overall Baseline up to Overall Day 56
The data for each dose level represents pooled data for participants in the low-to-high dose sequence and the high-to-low dose sequence.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg | Participants received ataluren at 4 milligrams in the morning, 4 mg/kg at midday, and 8 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbation | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal pain | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient Advocacy | PTC Therapeutics, Inc. | 1-866-562-4620 | medinfo@ptcbio.com |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003550 | Cystic Fibrosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010182 | Pancreatic Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C515878 | ataluren |
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|
| Overall Baseline and Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
| Baseline of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
| Change From Baseline in CFTR Protein in Nasal Mucosa as Determined by Immunofluorescence at Overall Day 56 | The immunofluorescence staining of normal epithelial cells (for example, from nasal mucosal curettage) reveals the presence of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein at the apical surface. Cells were stained with antibodies that recognized an epitope in the C-terminal portion of the CFTR protein, and the cells were imaged microscopically. The percentage of epithelial cells that showed apical CFTR staining was determined by 2 expert readers who were blinded to the timepoint at which the samples were obtained. The scores of the reviewers were averaged to determine the final percentage of cells with apical CFTR. Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Nonsense Mutation CFTR mRNA in Nasal Mucosa as Determined by Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) Assay at Overall Day 42 | The collection and processing of the nasal mucosal curettage from each nostril of each participant for measurement of CFTR protein by immunofluorescence and for quantification of CFTR messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was performed using standardized techniques. The slides were processed and immunostained for detection of CFTR protein. Microscopic images were to be captured photographically for analysis. Because the nasal brushing used to collect nasal mucosal epithelial cells did not result in collection of sufficient cells for RT-PCR to be performed, an insufficient number of paired baseline and follow-up samples were available for analysis. As a result, no data were available to evaluate the effects of ataluren on CFTR mRNA. | Overall Baseline, Overall Day 42 |
| Change From Baseline in Pulmonary Function as Measured by Spirometry at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | Pulmonary function tests, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow25-75 (FEF25-75), were measured using standard spirometry techniques. Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Free Elastase) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory marker free elastase was measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 [MMP-9] Active) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory marker MMP-9 active was measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha [TNF-α], Interleukin-8 [IL-8], Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 [TGF-β1]) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-8, and TGF-β1 were measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Uridine-5'-Triphosphate [UTP]) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory marker UTP was measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Clinically Significant Neutrophil Levels in Blood at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | To assess inflammatory markers in the blood, neutrophil levels in the blood were measured. Higher levels of neutrophils are indicative of more inflammation. Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Clinically Significant Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | To assess inflammatory markers in the blood, serum levels of C-reactive protein were measured. Higher levels of C-reactive protein are indicative of more inflammation. Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | Body weight were measured for each participant in kilograms (kg). Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| Change From Baseline in the CF-Related Symptom Scores, as Assessed Using a Participant-Reported Questionnaire at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The CF symptom questionnaire includes questions related to daytime cough, nighttime cough, sputum volume, sputum clearance, physical fatigue, and shortness of breath. The participants (or their guardians) completed the CF symptom questionnaire, under the Investigator's supervision, before the TEPD, nasal mucosal curettage, pulmonary function tests, or sputum induction procedures were performed. For each symptom, the participants were asked to choose the response that best matched their experience during the 3 days before the questionnaire was completed. The scale of the 4 possible responses for each question was 0 (best response) to 4 (worse response). The sum of the scores for all of the questions was calculated. The scale for the sum of the scores was 0 (best response) to 24 (worse response). Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | Overall Baseline, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
| PK: Area Under the Concentration Time Curve From Time 0 (Dosing) to 24 Hours (AUC0-24) of Ataluren | All PK parameters were calculated using the actual postdose blood sampling times in relationship to the time of the first dose (morning dose) on Day 14 of each treatment cycle. AUC0-24 values were calculated by WinNonlin by extrapolation to 24 hours if the last sampling timepoint was before 24 hours and by interpolation if the last sampling timepoint was after 24 hours. Extrapolation of AUC to 24 hours was performed only if the last sampling timepoint did not deviate from the nominal collection time by more than approximately 10%. | 0 (predose), 2 and 3 hours postdose of the morning dose; 0 (predose), 2 and 3 hours postdose of the midday dose; and 0 hours (predose), 2, 3, and 12 hours postdose of the evening dose on Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 |
| Compliance With Study Treatment | For each participant, compliance was described in terms of the percentage of drug actually taken relative to the amount that was prescribed (taking into account physician-prescribed reductions and interruptions). The number of doses described as "taken less than planned" includes cases in which the participants took less than the prescribed dose and/or cases in which the Investigator reduced the dose. | Baseline up to Day 14 in Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 |
| Leuven |
| 3000 |
| Belgium |
| Hopital Necker Enfants Malades | Paris | 75015 | France |
| COMPLETED |
|
| NOT COMPLETED |
|
| BG001 |
| Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg, Then Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg |
During Cycle 1, participants received ataluren at 10 mg/kg in the morning, 10 mg/kg at midday, and 20 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants crossed over to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| ID |
|---|
| Title |
|---|
| Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg, Then Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg | During Cycle 1, participants received ataluren at 4 mg/kg in the morning, 4 mg/kg at midday, and 8 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants crossed over to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
| OG001 | Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg, Then Ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg | During Cycle 1, participants received ataluren at 10 mg/kg in the morning, 10 mg/kg at midday, and 20 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. Then, the participants crossed over to the other ataluren dose regimen (ataluren 4, 4, and 8 mg/kg) for Cycle 2. |
|
|
|
| Primary | Number of Participants With a Chloride Transport Response at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | Nasal TEPD was assessed in each participant using standardized techniques. Warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol, and ATP were perfused for ≥3-minute sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed for each nostril. The total chloride transport values were calculated by subtracting the voltages at the end of a perfusion from the voltage at the end of an earlier perfusion (isoproterenol - amiloride). The average of the values for each nostril was computed. If the assessment was available in only 1 nostril, this value was used as if it were the average of both nostrils. Response to study treatment defined as an increase in total chloride transport as indicated by a change of at least -5 mV in nasal TEPD. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable chloride transport response data. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
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| Primary | Number of Participants With Normalization of Chloride Transport Between Baseline and Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | Nasal TEPD was assessed in each participant using standardized techniques. Warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol, and ATP were perfused for ≥3-minute sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed for each nostril. The total chloride transport values were calculated by subtracting the voltages at the end of a perfusion from the voltage at the end of an earlier perfusion (isoproterenol - amiloride). The average of the values for each nostril was computed. If the assessment was available in only 1 nostril, this value was used as if it were the average of both nostrils. Normalization of chloride transport (normal range [NR]) was defined as nasal TEPD that was at least as electrically negative as -5 mV. Normalization in chloride transport can also be referred to as hyperpolarization. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable normalization of chloride transport data. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | Overall Baseline and Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Parameters of Transepithelial Difference at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 | To assess TEPD, warmed solutions of Ringer's solution, amiloride, chloride-free gluconate, isoproterenol and ATP were perfused for ≥3-minutes sequentially through a nasal catheter while a voltage tracing was recorded. Total chloride transport was computed per nostril. Totals were calculated by subtracting voltages at end of perfusion from voltage at end of earlier perfusion for: sodium transport (amiloride-Ringer's solution), intrinsic chloride transport (chloride-free gluconate-amiloride), stimulated chloride transport (isoproterenol-chloride-free gluconate), total potential difference (isoproterenol-Ringer's solution), and ATP-mediated chloride transport (ATP-isoproterenol). Basal potential difference voltage was obtained at end of Ringer's solution perfusion. Average values per nostril were computed. If assessment was available in only 1 nostril, the value was used as if it's the average of both nostrils. Baseline data for Cycles 1 and 2 and change from Baseline data are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable transepithelial difference data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | mV | Baseline of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days) |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in CFTR Protein in Nasal Mucosa as Determined by Immunofluorescence at Overall Day 56 | The immunofluorescence staining of normal epithelial cells (for example, from nasal mucosal curettage) reveals the presence of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein at the apical surface. Cells were stained with antibodies that recognized an epitope in the C-terminal portion of the CFTR protein, and the cells were imaged microscopically. The percentage of epithelial cells that showed apical CFTR staining was determined by 2 expert readers who were blinded to the timepoint at which the samples were obtained. The scores of the reviewers were averaged to determine the final percentage of cells with apical CFTR. Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable apical cell data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of apical cells | Overall Baseline, Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Nonsense Mutation CFTR mRNA in Nasal Mucosa as Determined by Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) Assay at Overall Day 42 | The collection and processing of the nasal mucosal curettage from each nostril of each participant for measurement of CFTR protein by immunofluorescence and for quantification of CFTR messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was performed using standardized techniques. The slides were processed and immunostained for detection of CFTR protein. Microscopic images were to be captured photographically for analysis. Because the nasal brushing used to collect nasal mucosal epithelial cells did not result in collection of sufficient cells for RT-PCR to be performed, an insufficient number of paired baseline and follow-up samples were available for analysis. As a result, no data were available to evaluate the effects of ataluren on CFTR mRNA. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable CFTR mRNA data. | Posted | Overall Baseline, Overall Day 42 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Pulmonary Function as Measured by Spirometry at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | Pulmonary function tests, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow25-75 (FEF25-75), were measured using standard spirometry techniques. Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable pulmonary function data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | percent of predicted | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Free Elastase) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory marker free elastase was measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable sputum markers of inflammation data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | micrograms/milliliters (μg/mL) | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 [MMP-9] Active) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory marker MMP-9 active was measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable sputum markers of inflammation data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | nanograms/milliliter (ng/mL) | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha [TNF-α], Interleukin-8 [IL-8], Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 [TGF-β1]) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-8, and TGF-β1 were measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable sputum markers of inflammation data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | picograms/milliliter (pg/mL) | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Sputum Markers of Inflammation (Uridine-5'-Triphosphate [UTP]) at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The inflammatory marker UTP was measured in induced sputum from each participant. Hypertonic saline (3%) inhalation was used to induce the sputum (with efforts made to avoid oropharyngeal contamination). The sputum sample was divided into 4 aliquots (1 aliquot each for determination of cell count, IL-8 level, and elastase activity and 1 aliquot for potential future viscosity measurements). Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable sputum markers of inflammation data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Clinically Significant Neutrophil Levels in Blood at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | To assess inflammatory markers in the blood, neutrophil levels in the blood were measured. Higher levels of neutrophils are indicative of more inflammation. Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable data of neutrophil levels in blood. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | 10^9/liters | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Clinically Significant Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | To assess inflammatory markers in the blood, serum levels of C-reactive protein were measured. Higher levels of C-reactive protein are indicative of more inflammation. Change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable serum levels of C-reactive data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | milligrams/liter (mg/L) | Overall Baseline, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Day 14 or 15 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | Body weight were measured for each participant in kilograms (kg). Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable body weight data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | kg | Overall Baseline, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in the CF-Related Symptom Scores, as Assessed Using a Participant-Reported Questionnaire at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 and Overall Day 56 | The CF symptom questionnaire includes questions related to daytime cough, nighttime cough, sputum volume, sputum clearance, physical fatigue, and shortness of breath. The participants (or their guardians) completed the CF symptom questionnaire, under the Investigator's supervision, before the TEPD, nasal mucosal curettage, pulmonary function tests, or sputum induction procedures were performed. For each symptom, the participants were asked to choose the response that best matched their experience during the 3 days before the questionnaire was completed. The scale of the 4 possible responses for each question was 0 (best response) to 4 (worse response). The sum of the scores for all of the questions was calculated. The scale for the sum of the scores was 0 (best response) to 24 (worse response). Overall Baseline data for the study and change from overall Baseline data at Day 14 of Cycles 1 and 2 and at overall Day 56 are presented. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable CF-related symptom scores. | Posted | Median | Full Range | scores on a scale | Overall Baseline, Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 (1 cycle=28 days), and Overall Day 56 |
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| Secondary | PK: Area Under the Concentration Time Curve From Time 0 (Dosing) to 24 Hours (AUC0-24) of Ataluren | All PK parameters were calculated using the actual postdose blood sampling times in relationship to the time of the first dose (morning dose) on Day 14 of each treatment cycle. AUC0-24 values were calculated by WinNonlin by extrapolation to 24 hours if the last sampling timepoint was before 24 hours and by interpolation if the last sampling timepoint was after 24 hours. Extrapolation of AUC to 24 hours was performed only if the last sampling timepoint did not deviate from the nominal collection time by more than approximately 10%. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable AUC0-24 data. The data for each dose level represents pooled data for participants in the low-to-high dose sequence and the high-to-low dose sequence. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | microgram*hours/milliliter (μg*h/mL) | 0 (predose), 2 and 3 hours postdose of the morning dose; 0 (predose), 2 and 3 hours postdose of the midday dose; and 0 hours (predose), 2, 3, and 12 hours postdose of the evening dose on Day 14 of Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 |
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| Secondary | Compliance With Study Treatment | For each participant, compliance was described in terms of the percentage of drug actually taken relative to the amount that was prescribed (taking into account physician-prescribed reductions and interruptions). The number of doses described as "taken less than planned" includes cases in which the participants took less than the prescribed dose and/or cases in which the Investigator reduced the dose. | All randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and had evaluable compliance data. The data for each dose level represents pooled data for participants in the low-to-high dose sequence and the high-to-low dose sequence. | Posted | Median | Full Range | percentage of doses | Baseline up to Day 14 in Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 |
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| 1 |
| 30 |
| 19 |
| 30 |
| EG001 | Ataluren 10, 10, and 20 mg/kg | Participants received ataluren at 10 mg/kg in the morning, 10 mg/kg at midday, and 20 mg/kg in the evening for 14 days, followed by a 14-day follow-up period without treatment. | 1 | 30 | 24 | 30 |
| Haematemesis | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Diarrhoea | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Nausea | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Vomiting | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Chest pain | General disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Pyrexia | General disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Nasopharyngitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Rhinitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Stenotrophomonas infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Arthralgia | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Cough | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbation | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Haemoptysis | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Nasal congestion | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Productive cough | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Rash pruritic | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Ascites | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Constipation | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Diarrhoea haemorrhagic | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Dysphagia | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Asthenia | General disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Fatigue | General disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Thirst | General disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Laryngitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Blood creatinine increased | Investigations | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased | Investigations | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Tendonitis | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Headache | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Pruritus | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | MedDRA 11.1 | Systematic Assessment |
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The only disclosure restriction on the Principal Investigator is that the Sponsor can review results communications prior to public release and can embargo communications regarding trial results for a period that is up to 180 days from the time submitted to the sponsor for review. The sponsor may consult with the PI to require changes to the communication embargo.
| D030342 |
| Genetic Diseases, Inborn |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D007232 | Infant, Newborn, Diseases |
| Day 14 of Cycle 2 |
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| Chi-squared |
| 0.021 |
| Other |
| Analysis of Cycle 2 data. Analysis was to compare the observed rate with the null hypothesis response rate of 10%. | Chi-squared | 0.021 | Other |
| Analysis of Cycle 2 data. Analysis was to compare the observed rate with the null hypothesis response rate of 10%. | Chi-squared | 0.518 | Other |
| Within NR at Day 14 of Cycle 1 |
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| Outside NR at Baseline/in NR at Day 14 of Cycle 1 |
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| Within NR at Baseline of Cycle 2 |
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| Within NR at Day 14 of Cycle 2 |
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| Outside NR at Baseline/in NR at Day 14 of Cycle 2 |
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| Basal nasal TEPD, Change at Day (D)14 of C1 |
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| Basal nasal TEPD, Baseline of C2 |
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| Basal nasal TEPD, Change at D14 of C2 |
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| Sodium transport, Baseline of C1 |
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| Sodium transport, Change at D14 of C1 |
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| Sodium transport, Baseline of C2 |
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| Sodium transport, Change at D14 of C2 |
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| Intrinsic chloride transport, Baseline of C1 |
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| Intrinsic chloride transport, Change at D14 of C1 |
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| Intrinsic chloride transport, Baseline of C2 |
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| Intrinsic chloride transport, Change at D14 of C2 |
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| Stimulated chloride transport, Baseline of C1 |
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| Stimulated chloride transport, Change at D14 of C1 |
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| Stimulated chloride transport, Baseline of C2 |
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| Stimulated chloride transport, Change at D14 of C2 |
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| Total potential difference, Baseline of C1 |
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| Total potential difference, Change at D14 of C1 |
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| Total potential difference, Baseline of C2 |
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| Total potential difference, Change at D14 of C2 |
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| ATP-mediated chloride transport, Baseline C1 |
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| ATP-mediated chloride transport, Change at D14, C1 |
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| ATP-mediated chloride transport, Baseline C2 |
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| ATP-mediated chloride transport, Change at D14, C2 |
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| Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| FEV1, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| FEV1, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| FEV1, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| FVC, Overall Baseline |
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| FVC, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| FVC, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| FVC, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| FEF 25-75%, Overall Baseline |
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| FEF 25-75%, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| FEF 25-75%, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| FEF 25-75%, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| Free Elastase, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| Free Elastase, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| Free Elastase, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| MMP-9 Active, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| MMP-9 Active, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| MMP-9 Active, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| IL-8, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| IL-8, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| IL-8, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| TGF-b1, Baseline |
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| TGF-b1, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| TGF-b1, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| TGF-b1, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| TNF-alpha, Baseline |
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| TNF-alpha, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| TNF-alpha, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| TNF-alpha, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| UTP, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| UTP, Change at Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| UTP, Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| Neutrophils - Absolute, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| Neutrophils - Absolute, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| Neutrophils - Absolute, Overall Day 56 |
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| C-Reactive Protein, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 1 |
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| C-Reactive Protein, Day 14 or 15 of Cycle 2 |
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| C-Reactive Protein, Overall Day 56 |
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| Change at Day 14 of Cycle 1 |
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| Change at Day 14 of Cycle 2 |
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| Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| Change at Day 14 of Cycle 1 |
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| Change at Day 14 of Cycle 2 |
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| Change at Overall Day 56 |
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| Percentage of doses taken less than planned |
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| Percentage of doses taken greater than planned |
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