The purpose of this study is

• To evaluate the efficacy of association of Erythropoetin (Neorecormon) and ATRA in patients with low risk myelodysplastic syndromes
• To evaluate the tolerance of this treatment

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients ≥18 years with RA, RARS, RAEB (blasts <10%)
• Hb< 10g/dl > of 2 months or transfused since less 2 months
• Hb<12g/dl > of 2 months and thrombocytopenia defined by platelets < 50 000/mm3, or neutropenia<10 000mm3
• For women of child bearing age, necessity of contraception during all the duration of the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient with lung disease, cardiac, neurological, gastro-intestinal or genito - urinary disorders not connected to genito -urinary not connected to myelodysplasia
• Patient having received intensive chemotherapy in the 3 months before inclusion in the protocol
• RAEBt
• RAEB >10% blasts
• Treatment with rHu-Epo, darbepoetin ou rHu-GCSF , 2 months before inclusion
• Patient presenting an iron , B12 vitamin or folic acid uncorrected deficit
• CMML
• Uncontrolled systemic hypertension
• creatinine clearance < 300 µM/L
• Pregnant patient or in period of lactation
• Life expectancy < 6 months