Event rate=Number of events divided by the number of patients evaluated. A mandatory bilateral ascending contrast venogram was to be obtained on Day 35 (± 3). Patients with confirmed symptomatic DVT at any time, or asymptomatic DVT upon venography, were to receive treatment for DVT according to the investigator's standard of care. Signs and symptoms suggestive of VTE included, but were not limited to: 1) lower extremity DVT: erythema, warmth, pain, swelling, tenderness; and 2) PE: pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis, syncope, light-headedness/dizziness, tachypnea, and tachycardia. Intended Treatment Period started on day of randomization and, for patients who received treatment, ended at the later of 2 days after last dose of study drug or 38 days after the first dose (presurgery) of study drug. For randomized patients who did not receive study drug, the period ended 38 days after randomization.

All randomized participants who, during the Intended Treatment Period, had an adjudicated and evaluable bilateral venogram, had an adjudicated venous thromboembolic event, or died of any cause.

Event rate=Number of events divided by the number of patients evaluated. Each patient was categorized as having no proximal DVT, having proximal DVT, being nonevaluable for proximal DVT, having no distal DVT, having distal DVT, or being nonevaluable for distal DVT. Adjudication criteria were: Normal=All deep veins were visualized, and there was no intraluminal filling defect (ILFD). ILFD=An area of reduced, or absent filling, at least partially surrounded with contrast medium in ≥ 2 projections or a lack of filling in a vessel in which there was a cut-off that had the configuration of a thrombus. Indeterminate=A lack of filling of a region of the deep vein system, proximal or distal, without the presence of an ILFD elsewhere in the same region. Not Done=A venography was not performed. Proximal DVT was found if any of the proximal veins had an ILFD. Pulmonary embolism was radiographically (angiography, V/Q scan, computed tomography) determined.

Randomized participants with either an adjudicated event or an adjudicated evaluable bilateral venogram

VTE=venous thromboembolic event; VTE-related death=combination of fatal or nonfatal PE and symptomatic or asymptomatic DVT. Event rate=Number of events divided by the number of patients evaluated.

All participants randomized to treatment

Event rate=Number of events divided by the number of patients evaluated. Major bleeding event defined as a bleeding event that was 1) Acute clinically overt bleeding accompanied by at least 1 of the following: decrease in hemoglobin of ≥ 2 g/dL over a 24-hour period, transfusion of ≥2 units of packed red blood cells; bleeding that occurred in at least 1 of the following sites: intracranial, intra-spinal, intraocular, pericardial, an operated joint and requires reoperation or intervention, intramuscular with compartment syndrome, or retroperitoneal; 2) Fatal. CRNM was defined as acute clinically overt bleeding that did not satisfy the criteria for a major bleeding event and met at least 1 of the following: epistaxis, gastrointestinal bleed, hematuria, bruising/ecchymosis, or hemoptysis. Minor bleeding was defined as an acute clinically overt bleeding event that did not meet the criteria for major bleeding or a CRNM. Fatal bleeding event was defined as bleeding that was the primary

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

AE=any new unfavorable symptom, sign, or disease or worsening of a preexisting condition that may not have a causal relationship with treatment. SAE=a medical event that at any dose results in death, persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or drug dependency/abuse; is life-threatening, an important medical event, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect; or requires or prolongs hospitalization. All suspected bleeding events were to be reported by the investigator as either an AE or SAE and adjudicated by the Independent Central Adjudication Committee (ICAC). Definitions of bleeding outcomes: Acute clinically overt bleeding =new onset, visible bleeding, or signs or symptoms suggestive of bleeding with confirmatory imaging techniques that could detect the presence of blood.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study medication

All suspected bleeding events were to be reported by the investigator as either an adverse event or serious adverse event or and adjudicated by the Independent Central Adjudication Committee (ICAC). Definitions of bleeding outcomes: Acute clinically overt bleeding =new onset, visible bleeding, or signs or symptoms suggestive of bleeding with confirmatory imaging techniques that could detect the presence of blood. All acute clinically overt bleeding events were adjudicated by the ICAC as a major bleeding event or a clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding event; suspected minor bleeding events were not sent for adjudication.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

All suspected bleeding events were to be reported by the investigator as either an adverse event or serious adverse event or and adjudicated by the Independent Central Adjudication Committee (ICAC). Definitions of bleeding outcomes: Acute clinically overt bleeding =new onset, visible bleeding, or signs or symptoms suggestive of bleeding with confirmatory imaging techniques that could detect the presence of blood. All acute clinically overt bleeding events were adjudicated by the ICAC as a major bleeding event or a clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding event; suspected minor bleeding events were not sent for adjudication.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

All suspected bleeding events were to be reported by the investigator as either an adverse event or serious adverse event or and adjudicated by the Independent Central Adjudication Committee (ICAC). Definitions of bleeding outcomes: Acute clinically overt bleeding =new onset, visible bleeding, or signs or symptoms suggestive of bleeding with confirmatory imaging techniques that could detect the presence of blood. All acute clinically overt bleeding events were adjudicated by the ICAC as a major bleeding event or a clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding event; suspected minor bleeding events were not sent for adjudication.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

Neurologic events were based on Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities search categories.For new or worsening events that were not related to the site of surgery, additional information was collected on a specific form. In addition, neurology consultation was to be obtained for these patients.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

preRx=predose; LLN=lower limit of normal; ULN=upper limit of normal. MA criteria: Hemoglobin: >2 g/dL decrease from preRx or value ≤ 8 g/dL; hematocrit (%): <0.75*preRx; platelet count (*10^9 cells/L): <100,000/mm^3; erythrocytes (*10^6 cells/μL): <0.75*preRx level; leukocytes (*10^3 cells/μL): < 0.75*LLN or >1.25*ULN, or if preRx LLN use < 0.8*preRx or >ULN if preRx >ULN use >1.2*preRx or <LLN; basophils (*10^3 cells/μL): >400/mm^3; eosinophils (*10^3 cells/μL): > 0.75*10^3 cells/μL; lymphocytes (*10^3 cells/μL): >0.75*10^3 cells/μL; monocytes (*10^3 cells/μL): >2000/mm^3; neutrophils (*10^3 cells/μL): <1.0;

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

preRx=predose; LLN=lower limit of normal; ULN=upper limit of normal. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (U/L): >3 *ULN: alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (U/L): >2* ULN; aspartate aminotransferase (ASP) (U/L): >3 *ULN; bilirubin, direct (mg/dL): >2*ULN; bilirubin, total (mg/dL): >2*ULN; BUN (mg/dL): >2*ULN; creatinine (mg/dL): >1.5*ULN; calcium (mg/dL): < 0.8*LLN or >1.2 *ULN, or if preRx <LLN use <0.75* preRx or >ULN if preRx >ULN use > 1.25*preRx or <LLN; chloride (mEq/L): <0.9*LLN or >1.1*ULN, or if preRx <LLN use <0.9*preRx or >ULN if preRx >ULN use >1.1* preRx or <LLN; bicarbonate (mEq/L): < 0.75* LLN or >1.25*ULN, or if preRx <LLN use <0.75*preRx or >ULN if preRx >ULN use >1.25*preRx or <LLN; potassium (mEq/L): < 0.9*LLN or >1.1*ULN, or if preRx <LLN use <0.9*preRx or >ULN if preRx >ULN use >1.1* preRx or < LLN; sodium (mEq/L): <0.95* LLN or >1.05×ULN, or if preRx <LLN use <0.95* predose or >ULN if preRx >ULN use >1.05 *preRx or < LLN.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

preRx=predose; LLN=lower limit of normal; ULN=upper limit of normal. Glucose, fasting (mg/dL): <.8*LLN or >1.5*ULN, or if preRx <LLN use <.8*preRx or >ULN if preRx >ULN use >2*preRx or <LLN; protein, total (g/L): If missing preRx use ≥2, or if value ≥4 or preRx =0 or .5 use ≥2, or if preRx=1 use ≥3, or if preRx =2 or 3 use ≥4; creatine kinase (U/L): >5*ULN; uric acid (mg/dL): >.5* ULN, or if preRx >ULN use >2*preRx; blood, urine: If missing preRx use ≥2, or if value ≥4, or if preRx=0 or 0.5 use ≥2, or if preRx=1 use ≥3, or if preRx =2 or 3 use ≥4; glucose, urine : If missing preRx use ≥2, or if value ≥4, or if preRx=0 or .5 use ≥2, or if preRx=1 use ≥3, or if preRx=2 or 3 use ≥4; RBC, urine (hpf): If missing preRx use ≥2, or if value ≥4, or if preRx=0 or 0.5 use ≥2, or if preRx dose= 1 use ≥3, or if preRx=2 or 3 use ≥4; WBC, urine (h): If missing preRx use ≥2, or if value ≥4, or if preRx =0 or .5 use ≥2, or if preRx =1 use ≥3, or if preRx=2 or 3 use ≥4.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

Treatment guidelines were provided for jaundice and elevated results of liver function tests.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug

Event rate=Number of events divided by the number of patients evaluated. All suspected events were reported by investigator. Acute MI=the presence of a clinical situation (eg, abnormal history, physical examination, new electrocardiogram changes) suggestive of an MI and at least 1 of the following: elevated creatine kinase (CK)-MB or troponin T or troponin I ≥2*upper limit of normal (ULN); if CK-MB or troponin values not available, total CK ≥2*ULN; or new significant (≥0.04 sec) Q waves in ≥2 contiguous leads. Stroke=a new focal neurologic deficit of sudden onset lasting at least 24 hours that was not due to a readily identifiable nonvascular cause. Adjudication classified each reported stroke as primary hemorrhagic, nonhemorrhagic, infarction with hemorrhagic conversion, or unknown type. Thrombocytopenia=after 3 days as drop in platelet count to <100,000/mm^3 for patients with a baseline value >150,000/mm^3 or a >50% decline, if the baseline value was ≤150,000/mm^3.

All participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug