The primary objective of the study is to estimate the relative incidence among users of ziprasidone and olanzapine of non-suicide mortality.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients newly treated for schizophrenia and those receiving continuing treatment will be eligible if the treating psychiatrist is ready to initiate a new antipsychotic medication, and would consider using either ziprasidone or olanzapine as an appropriate therapy.
• Male and female patients who meet all criteria listed below are eligible to be enrolled in this study:
• Diagnosed with schizophrenia
• Willing to provide information on at least one alternate contact person for study staff to contact regarding patient's whereabouts, should the patient be lost-to-follow-up over the course of the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Progressive fatal disease of a life expectancy which prohibits them from participating in a one year research study
• Previously randomized to study medication and enrolled in this study