Patients who undergo chemotherapy for leukemia will receive study medication for prevention of fungal infections. The study investigates the safety and tolerability of two different dosages, the efficacy in prevention of fungal diseases.

Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia who undergo aggressive chemotherapy are due to immunosuppression susceptible to infections, including fungal infections. As the failure rate in the treatment of invasive fungal infections is high, prophylaxis is frequently recommended. This open label study investigates the safety and tolerability of two different dosages of a water soluble azole antifungal, as well as the efficacy in prevention of invasive fungal infections and pharmacokinetic data.

Inclusion Criteria:

• diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia
• patients entering first induction treatment; or subsequent chemotherapy if no prior invasive fungal infection was observed
• expected to be neutropenic for >9 and <28 days after enrollment
• women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients who received any systemic antifungal therapy for more than 72 hours prior to first administration of study medication. Topical polyenes or nystatin are acceptable but should be discontinued during the study
• patients who received systemic antifungal therapy for proven or probable fungal infection in the last 12 months
• patients with fever defined as central body temperature of > 38°C
• known hypersensitivity to azoles or any component of the study medication
• concomitant use of rifampicin, rifabutin, ergots alkaloids, terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, pimozide, quinidine, long acting barbiturates, neostigmine, and carbamazepine
• hepatic or severe renal dysfunction
• patients with a medical history of oliguria unresponsive to fluid challenge
• patients with a concomitant medical condition that may be an unacceptable additional risk to the patient should he/she participate in the study
• treatment with any investigational drug within 30 days prior to the first administration of study medication except open label chemotherapy protocols
• suspected other or additional cause for neutropenia or immunosuppression