This is a study of the drug perifosine given in combination with docetaxel. Perifosine is an oral anti-cancer agent that has been used in more than 140 people. Docetaxel is a standard chemotherapy agent used in many types of cancer. This study is designed to determine the highest dose of perifosine that can be administered to people every day while they are receiving docetaxel with or without a steroid called prednisone, without severe or prolonged nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. This study starts with patients taking 50 mg/day and goes up to 150 mg/day.

This is a phase 1, open-label trial of perifosine and docetaxel with or without prednisone in patients with malignancies for whom single agent docetaxel is a reasonable treatment option. All patients will receive docetaxel at a dose of 75 mg/m2 on day 8 of a 21-day cycle either without (Arm A) or with prednisone 5 mg bid on days 1 - 21 (Arms B and C). (Patients on all arms will receive premedication with dexamethasone around the time of docetaxel administration either as described in the product insert for arm A or as used in prior prostate cancer phase III studies for arm B and C. The 1st cohort of patients on Arm A and Arm B will receive perifosine orally at a dose of 50 mg per day for the first 14 days of the 21-day cycle. On each arm, the perifosine dose will be escalated in subsequent groups to 50 mg bid and then 50 mg tid as tolerated. Alternating cohorts of 3 patients will be entered first to Arm A and then to Arm B. At the completion of arms A and B, 3 cohorts of patients will be entered who will receive perifosine weekly at doses of 900, 1200 and 1500 mg. The total dose will be divided into 300 mg doses which will be delivered at least 4 hours apart. The perifosine dose escalation for each arm will be performed separately according to the following algorithm. For each arm, a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) will be defined as a dose that can be given without grade 3/4 non-hematologic toxicity in more than 1/3 patients. If 2/3 patients in any cohort encounter a grade 3/4 non-hematologic toxicity, an additional 3 patients will be added. If the dose is intolerable for >3/6 patients then the previous dose level will be declared the MTD for that arm.

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of cancer for which treatment with single agent docetaxel would be an appropriate treatment option.
• At least 18 years of age.
• Patients may be currently receiving docetaxel using the schedule in the protocol, as long as the treating investigator has reasonable expectation that the patient will continue to receive docetaxel for 2 or more additional cycles. The current regimen does not count towards the 2 regimens as long as the patient is not progressing on therapy..
• Patients must have a life expectancy of more than 3 months.
• Patients must have a performance status of 0 to 2 according to the ECOG criteria.
• Patients must have normal organ and marrow function as defined in the protocol: leukocytes >=4,000/microL, absolute neutrophil count >=1,500/microL, platelets >=100,000/microL, HCT > 28%, total bilirubin < 1.5 x upper limit of normal, AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) <=2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal, creatinine <= 2.5 mg/dl
• Patients must have recovered from acute toxicity related to prior therapy, excluding alopecia, including surgery or radiotherapy.
• Patients must be able to ingest oral medications.
• Female patients who are pregnant or lactating are ineligible. All females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 72 hours of treatment. Men and women of childbearing potential must agree to employ adequate contraception to prevent pregnancy while on therapy and for four weeks after the completion of treatment.
• Patients must have ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents or devices.
• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to perifosine (miltefosine or edelfosine).
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection and psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
• HIV-positive patients receiving combination anti-retroviral therapy are excluded from the study because of possible pharmacokinetic interactions with perifosine.
• Patients with a history of unstable or newly diagnosed angina pectoris, recent myocardial infarction (within 6 months of enrollment) or New York Heart Assoc. class II-IV congestive heart failure.
• Patients with a history of hypersensitivity reaction to products containing Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80).