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The objective of this study is to assess the comparative utility of topical formulations in hastening the resolution of skin bruising. For each subject, four standard bruises of 7 mm diameter each were created on the bilateral upper inner arms, 5 cm apart, two per arm, using a 595-nm pulsed-dye laser. Randomization was used to assign one topical agent (5% vitamin K, 1% vitamin K and 0.3% retinol, 20% arnica or white petrolatum) to exactly one bruise per subject, which was then treated under occlusion twice a day for 2 weeks. A dermatologist rated bruises in standardized photographs immediately after bruise creation and at week 2.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bruising | Experimental | Bruises at three time points: immediate after bruise creating, and at 1 and 2 weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Petrolatum United States Pharmacopeia (USP) | Drug | Topical formation applied to bruise twice daily for 2 weeks. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Average Bruise Change | Mean change in bruising level detected by dermatologist rater on Visual Analogue Scale at 2 weeks compared with baseline for each of the four agents (Petrolatum USP, Vitamin K and retinol ointment, Vitamin K ointment, Arnica ointment). When responding to a VAS item, respondents specify the bruise severity by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points (0 and 10, 10 being the most bruised). | Baseline and 2 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Murad Alam, MD | Northwestern University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology | Chicago | Illinois | 60611 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20412090 | Background | Leu S, Havey J, White LE, Martin N, Yoo SS, Rademaker AW, Alam M. Accelerated resolution of laser-induced bruising with topical 20% arnica: a rater-blinded randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2010 Sep;163(3):557-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09813.x. |
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Subjects were recruited at a university-based dermatology department in an urban center.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Average Bruise Improvement | pulsed dye laser induced four 1 cm bruises at least 5 cm apart on the skin of the upper arm (two bruises on each arm). Subjects applied different topical ointments on each of their bruises twice a day. Ointments were: 5% vitamin K cream; 1% vitamin K and 0.3% retinol cream; 20% topical arnica; white petrolatum United States Pharmacopeia (USP) as placebo. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Average Bruise Improvement | pulsed dye laser induced four 1 cm bruises at least 5 cm apart on the skin of the upper arm (two bruises on each arm). Subjects applied different topical ointments on each of their bruises twice a day. Ointments were: 5% vitamin K cream; 1% vitamin K and 0.3% retinol cream; 20% topical arnica; white petrolatum USP as placebo. |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Average Bruise Change | Mean change in bruising level detected by dermatologist rater on Visual Analogue Scale at 2 weeks compared with baseline for each of the four agents (Petrolatum USP, Vitamin K and retinol ointment, Vitamin K ointment, Arnica ointment). When responding to a VAS item, respondents specify the bruise severity by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points (0 and 10, 10 being the most bruised). | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Units on a Scale | Baseline and 2 weeks |
|
2 weeks
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Average Bruise Improvement | pulsed dye laser induced four 1 cm bruises at least 5 cm apart on the skin of the upper arm (two bruises on each arm). Subjects applied different topical ointments on each of their bruises twice a day. Ointments were: 5% vitamin K cream; 1% vitamin K and 0.3% retinol cream; 20% topical arnica; white petrolatum USP as placebo. |
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| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Redness and swelling at the treated sites | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | Non-systematic Assessment |
As only laser-induced bruising on the inner arm was studied, it remains to be seen if this result can be generalized to other postoperative bruises and at other anatomical sites.
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Murad Alam, MD | Northwestern University Department of Dermatology | 312-695-6785 | m-alam@northwestern.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004438 | Ecchymosis |
| D003288 | Contusions |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001778 | Blood Coagulation Disorders |
| D006402 | Hematologic Diseases |
| D006425 | Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases |
| D006470 | Hemorrhage |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014812 | Vitamin K |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009285 | Naphthoquinones |
| D009281 | Naphthalenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
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| Vitamin K and retinol ointment | Drug | Topical formation applied to bruise twice daily for 2 weeks. |
|
| Arnica ointment | Drug | Topical formation applied to bruise twice daily for 2 weeks. |
|
| Vitamin K ointment | Drug | Topical formation applied to bruise twice daily for 2 weeks. |
|
| years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
|
| 0 |
| 16 |
| 5 |
| 16 |
| Blistering | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | Non-systematic Assessment |
|
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| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012877 | Skin Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D014949 | Wounds, Nonpenetrating |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D006844 |
| Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D010836 | Phytol |
| D004224 | Diterpenes |
| D013729 | Terpenes |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |