Autologous Peripheral Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma or Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant for Patients With Lymphoma

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as ifosfamide, etoposide, and carboplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, can block cancer growth in different ways. Some block the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Others find cancer cells and help kill them or carry cancer-killing substances to them. Giving colony-stimulating factors, such as G-CSF, helps stem cells move from the patient's bone marrow to the blood so they can be collected and stored for peripheral stem cell transplant. Giving more chemotherapy, such as cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide, and total-body irradiation prepares the patient's bone marrow for the stem cell transplant. The stem cells are then returned to the patient to replace the blood-forming cells that were destroyed by the chemotherapy and radiation therapy. More radiation therapy is given after transplant to kill any remaining cancer cells.

PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well autologous peripheral stem cell transplant works in treating patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's lymphoma.

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

• Determine the disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with non-Hodgkin's or Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT).
• Verify the safety and efficacy of autologous PBSCT in patients with HIV disease and relapsed lymphoma.

Secondary

• Evaluate immune reconstitution in HIV-positive patients undergoing autologous PBSCT and compare to immune reconstitution in HIV-negative patients.
• Predict the adequacy of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvest prior to flow analysis of a PBSC yield.
• Determine the time to engraftment for neutrophils and platelets.

OUTLINE:

• Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization with filgrastim (G-CSF) alone: Patients not requiring further disease reduction receive G-CSF subcutaneously (SC) once daily on days 1-8. Patients undergo PBSC collection by leukapheresis on days 5-8. Patients who do not adequately mobilize with G-CSF alone proceed to chemo-mobilization.

• Chemo-mobilization: Patients requiring further disease reduction receive 1 of 2 chemo-mobilization regimens.

  • Patients with CD20+ non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) or lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma: Patients receive rituximab intravenously (IV) over 6-8 hours on day 1, ifosfamide IV over 2 hours and etoposide IV over 30 minutes on days 2-4, and carboplatin IV over 1 hour on day 2. Patients receive G-CSF SC once daily beginning on day 5 and continuing until leukapheresis is completed. Patients undergo PBSC collection by leukapheresis on days 12-15.
  • All other patients: Patients receive ifosfamide IV over 2 hours and etoposide IV over 30 minutes on days 1-3 and carboplatin IV over 1 hour on day 1. Patients receive G-CSF SC once daily beginning on day 4 and continuing until leukapheresis is completed. Patients undergo PBSC collection by leukapheresis on days 12-15.

• Autologous PBSC transplantation (PBSCT) (Patients with NHL undergoing irradiation): Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours on days -7 and -6. Patients undergo total body irradiation (TBI) twice daily on days -4 to -1. Patients undergo autologous PBSCT on day 0. Patients receive G-CSF SC once daily beginning on day 5 and continuing until blood counts recover.

• Autologous PBSCT (Patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma or NHL not undergoing irradiation and cyclophosphamide): Patients receive camustine IV over 2 hours on days -6, etoposide IV over 2 hours twice daily on days -5 to -2, and melphalan over 1 hour on day -1. Patients undergo autologous PBSCT on day 0. Patients receive G-CSF SC once daily beginning on day 5 and continuing until blood counts recover.

• Autologous PBSC transplantation (PBSCT) (Patients with HL not undergoing irradiation): Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours on days -6 to -3, camustine IV over 2 hours on day -6, and etoposide IV over 4 hours twice daily on days -6 to -4. Patients undergo autologous PBSCT on day 0. Patients receive G-CSF SC once daily beginning on day 5 and continuing until blood counts recover.

• Post-transplant irradiation: Patients undergo post-transplant irradiation beginning on day 28. Persisting nodal masses ≥ 2 cm are treated with additional localized external beam irradiation.

• Post-transplant Rituximab therapy: patients with CD20+ NHL may undergo Rituximab maintenance starting between day +45 and +90 and being repeated at day +180 ± 14 days.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 300 patients will be accrued for this study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Karnofsky performance status: >80% (>60% if poor performance status is related to lymphoma)

• No evidence of serious organ dysfunction that is not attributable to tumor

  • Central nervous system: Patients with a history of CNS involvement by lymphoma or with relapsed primary lymphoma will be eligible.
  • Infection: Patients with serious uncontrolled infections at the time of transplant will be excluded.

• Hepatitis B: Patients who are carriers of Hepatitis B will be included in this study. These patients are not eligible to receive rituximab as a component of their chemotherapy mobilization.

• HIV disease. Patients with HIV disease are eligible for this study provided that:

  • Patients will be seen in the infectious disease (ID)/HIV clinic prior to enrollment on study for the purpose of determining eligibility and for local coordination of HIV care during the peri-transplant period.
  • Must be on a maximally active anti-HIV regimen
  • CD4+ ≥ 50/μL
  • HIV RNA viral load ≤ 100,000 copies per mL on each of samples 4 weeks apart. The most recent level must be within one month of enrollment.

• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Patients with chemo-sensitive histologically confirmed NHL.

  • Precursor B-cell or Precursor T-cell NHL

    • Lymphoblastic lymphoma

      • All patients will be eligible in second or greater complete remission (CR) or first or subsequent partial remission (PR)

  • Mature B-cell Lymphomas:

    • Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) or Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
    • Follicular Lymphoma
    • Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
    • Mantle Cell Lymphoma
    • Burkitt's/Burkitt's like

  • Mature T-cell lymphoma

• Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL)

  • patients with histologically proven HL will be eligible for transplantation after failing prior therapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients eligible for any higher priority transplant protocols
• Women who are pregnant or breast feeding
• Patients with chemotherapy resistant disease