Hepatic Drug Biotransformation in Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Effect of Chronic Intermittent Nocturnal Hypoxia on Hepatic Drug Biotransformation in Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

The purpose of this research study is to determine the effect of chronic nighttime low oxygen saturations on selected body systems (liver) that break down drugs in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of chronic intermittent nocturnal hypoxia on selected hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme systems in children with OSAS. The specific aims are to evaluate the activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2, N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT-2), xanthine oxidase (XO)and CYP2D6 in children with OSAS and to determine the effect of OSAS treatment on the activities of these enzyme systems.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children ages 4 to 16 years with suspected uncomplicated OSAS

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children with complicated OSAS (craniofacial abnormalities, neuromuscular disorders)
• Children who are receiving medications known to induce or inhibit hepatic CYP1A2, NAT-2, XO, CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 activity
• Children who are exposed to second hand smoke for greater than 8 hours per day.
• Children with hypersensitivity to caffeine or dextromethorphan
• Children who are receiving corticosteroids or thyroid hormone