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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Glytech, Inc | INDUSTRY |
| National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression | OTHER |
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Glycine is a natural amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as a co-agonist at NMDA receptors in brain. We hypothesize that symptoms of the schizophrenia prodrome will improve with glycine to a greater degree than with placebo.
A pilot clinical trial comparing glycine to placebo in patients with the schizophrenia prodrome.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glycine | Experimental | Glycine dosing was fixed at an initial dose of 0.2 g/kg q.h.s for 3 days, then 0.2 g/kg b.i.d. for 4 days, then 0.2 g/kg in the a.m. and 0.4 g/kg in the p.m. for 4 days, and finally 0.4 g/kg b.i.d. Subjects weighing > 100 kg were limited to a total daily dose of 80 g daily. Glycine was dispensed under IND 33,515 (DCJ). |
|
| Placebo Group | Placebo Comparator | Placebo was dispensed as a proprietary formulations developed by Glytech, Inc, consisting of microencapsulated sucrose. Recommended administration of the sprinkles was to spoon them onto pudding or applesauce and swallow them with minimal chewing. Since earlier product testing by Glytech revealed that a few individuals did not like the somewhat granular texture of the sprinkles, subjects could switch to a second Glytech placebo formulation, consisting of proprietary pre-flavored sugar powders to be dissolved in 8 ounces of water. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycine | Drug | Glycine 0.4 g/kg bid |
| |
| Placebo |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Scale of Prodromal Symptoms Total Score | Scale Of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) is a 19-item instrument. The SOPS is comprised of symptoms that are classified as falling into four pathology domains: positive, negative, disorganized and general. The scales identify and measure five attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, six negative symptoms, four disorganization symptoms and four general symptoms. These seven-point scales cover severity variance in the subpsychotic or attenuated range. Each item is scaled 0-6, with 0-2 being the normal range, 3-5 being the risk syndrome range, and 6 being severe and psychotic for the positive symptoms and very severe for the other symptoms. The higher the score, the more symptoms an individual has and is therefore negative in its interpretation. The severity of the prodromal state is judged according to the sum of the ratings from each of the SOPS items and can range from 0 to 114. Actual SOPS total scores in this study ranged from 23 to 59 across subjects at baseline. | Baseline |
| Change in Scale of Prodromal Symptoms Total Score | Scale Of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) is a 19-item instrument. The SOPS is comprised of symptoms that are classified as falling into four pathology domains: positive, negative, disorganized and general. The scales identify and measure five attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, six negative symptoms, four disorganization symptoms and four general symptoms. These seven-point scales cover severity variance in the subpsychotic or attenuated range. Each item is scaled 0-6, with 0-2 being the normal range, 3-5 being the risk syndrome range, and 6 being severe and psychotic for the positive symptoms and very severe for the other symptoms. The higher the score, the more symptoms an individual has and is therefore negative in its interpretation. The severity of the prodromal state is judged according to the sum of the ratings from each of the SOPS items and can range from 0 to 114. Actual SOPS total scores in this study ranged from 23 to 59 across subjects at baseline. | Change from Baseline at 8 Weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Scott W Woods, MD | Yale University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRIME Clinic | New Haven | Connecticut | 06519 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23089076 | Derived | Woods SW, Walsh BC, Hawkins KA, Miller TJ, Saksa JR, D'Souza DC, Pearlson GD, Javitt DC, McGlashan TH, Krystal JH. Glycine treatment of the risk syndrome for psychosis: report of two pilot studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013 Aug;23(8):931-40. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.09.008. Epub 2012 Oct 22. |
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Exclusions: 1) past or current DSM IV criteria for any lifetime psychotic disorder, 2) alcohol or drug abuse or dependence in the past three months, 3) use of antipsychotic medication in the previous three months, 4) change in dosage of any antidepressant, anxiolytic, psychostimulant, or mood stabilizer medication within eight weeks.
Subjects were enrolled between March 2006 and May 2008. Potential subjects or their families or providers were informed about the symptoms of the risk syndrome for psychosis through a variety of ongoing community education efforts and were invited to call our research clinic if concerned.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Glycine | Glycine dosing group. |
| FG001 | Placebo Group | Glycine and placebo dosing group. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Glycine | Glycine dosing was fixed at an initial dose of 0.2 g/kg q.h.s for 3 days, then 0.2 g/kg b.i.d. for 4 days, then 0.2 g/kg in the a.m. and 0.4 g/kg in the p.m. for 4 days, and finally 0.4 g/kg b.i.d. Subjects weighing > 100 kg were limited to a total daily dose of 80 g daily. Glycine and placebo were dispensed under IND 33,515 (DCJ) as one of two proprietary formulations developed by Glytech, Inc. Dosing was initiated with small microencapsulated beads or "sprinkles" (80% glycine by weight), with placebo consisting of microencapsulated sucrose. Recommended administration of the sprinkles was to spoon them onto pudding or applesauce and swallow them with minimal chewing. Glycine: Glycine 0.4 g/kg bid |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Scale of Prodromal Symptoms Total Score | Scale Of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) is a 19-item instrument. The SOPS is comprised of symptoms that are classified as falling into four pathology domains: positive, negative, disorganized and general. The scales identify and measure five attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, six negative symptoms, four disorganization symptoms and four general symptoms. These seven-point scales cover severity variance in the subpsychotic or attenuated range. Each item is scaled 0-6, with 0-2 being the normal range, 3-5 being the risk syndrome range, and 6 being severe and psychotic for the positive symptoms and very severe for the other symptoms. The higher the score, the more symptoms an individual has and is therefore negative in its interpretation. The severity of the prodromal state is judged according to the sum of the ratings from each of the SOPS items and can range from 0 to 114. Actual SOPS total scores in this study ranged from 23 to 59 across subjects at baseline. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | Baseline |
|
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Glycine | Glycine dosing was fixed at an initial dose of 0.2 g/kg q.h.s for 3 days, then 0.2 g/kg b.i.d. for 4 days, then 0.2 g/kg in the a.m. and 0.4 g/kg in the p.m. for 4 days, and finally 0.4 g/kg b.i.d. Subjects weighing > 100 kg were limited to a total daily dose of 80 g daily. Glycine and placebo were dispensed under IND 33,515 (DCJ) as one of two proprietary formulations developed by Glytech, Inc. Dosing was initiated with small microencapsulated beads or "sprinkles" (80% glycine by weight), with placebo consisting of microencapsulated sucrose. Recommended administration of the sprinkles was to spoon them onto pudding or applesauce and swallow them with minimal chewing. Glycine: Glycine 0.4 g/kg bid |
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| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irritability | Psychiatric disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scott W. Woods, MD | Yale University School of Medicine | 203-974-7038 | scott.woods@yale.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005998 | Glycine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000596 | Amino Acids |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
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| Drug |
Placebo |
|
| BG001 | Placebo Group | Glycine and placebo were dispensed under IND 33,515 (DCJ) as one of two proprietary formulations developed by Glytech, Inc. Dosing was initiated with small microencapsulated beads or "sprinkles" (80% glycine by weight), with placebo consisting of microencapsulated sucrose. Recommended administration of the sprinkles was to spoon them onto pudding or applesauce and swallow them with minimal chewing. Since earlier product testing by Glytech revealed that a few individuals did not like the somewhat granular texture of the sprinkles, subjects could switch to a second Glytech formulation, consisting of proprietary pre-flavored glycine or sugar powders to be dissolved in 8 ounces of water. Placebo: Placebo |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Glycine |
Glycine dosing was fixed at an initial dose of 0.2 g/kg q.h.s for 3 days, then 0.2 g/kg b.i.d. for 4 days, then 0.2 g/kg in the a.m. and 0.4 g/kg in the p.m. for 4 days, and finally 0.4 g/kg b.i.d. Subjects weighing > 100 kg were limited to a total daily dose of 80 g daily. Glycine and placebo were dispensed under IND 33,515 (DCJ) as one of two proprietary formulations developed by Glytech, Inc. Dosing was initiated with small microencapsulated beads or "sprinkles" (80% glycine by weight), with placebo consisting of microencapsulated sucrose. Recommended administration of the sprinkles was to spoon them onto pudding or applesauce and swallow them with minimal chewing. Glycine: Glycine 0.4 g/kg bid |
| OG001 | Placebo Group | Glycine and placebo were dispensed under IND 33,515 (DCJ) as one of two proprietary formulations developed by Glytech, Inc. Dosing was initiated with small microencapsulated beads or "sprinkles" (80% glycine by weight), with placebo consisting of microencapsulated sucrose. Recommended administration of the sprinkles was to spoon them onto pudding or applesauce and swallow them with minimal chewing. Since earlier product testing by Glytech revealed that a few individuals did not like the somewhat granular texture of the sprinkles, subjects could switch to a second Glytech formulation, consisting of proprietary pre-flavored glycine or sugar powders to be dissolved in 8 ounces of water. Placebo: Placebo |
|
|
| Primary | Change in Scale of Prodromal Symptoms Total Score | Scale Of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) is a 19-item instrument. The SOPS is comprised of symptoms that are classified as falling into four pathology domains: positive, negative, disorganized and general. The scales identify and measure five attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, six negative symptoms, four disorganization symptoms and four general symptoms. These seven-point scales cover severity variance in the subpsychotic or attenuated range. Each item is scaled 0-6, with 0-2 being the normal range, 3-5 being the risk syndrome range, and 6 being severe and psychotic for the positive symptoms and very severe for the other symptoms. The higher the score, the more symptoms an individual has and is therefore negative in its interpretation. The severity of the prodromal state is judged according to the sum of the ratings from each of the SOPS items and can range from 0 to 114. Actual SOPS total scores in this study ranged from 23 to 59 across subjects at baseline. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | Change from Baseline at 8 Weeks |
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|
|
| 0 |
| 4 |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| EG001 | Placebo Group | Glycine and placebo were dispensed under IND 33,515 (DCJ) as one of two proprietary formulations developed by Glytech, Inc. Dosing was initiated with small microencapsulated beads or "sprinkles" (80% glycine by weight), with placebo consisting of microencapsulated sucrose. Recommended administration of the sprinkles was to spoon them onto pudding or applesauce and swallow them with minimal chewing. Since earlier product testing by Glytech revealed that a few individuals did not like the somewhat granular texture of the sprinkles, subjects could switch to a second Glytech formulation, consisting of proprietary pre-flavored glycine or sugar powders to be dissolved in 8 ounces of water. Placebo: Placebo | 0 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Sedation | Psychiatric disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
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| Orgasm Dysfunction | Reproductive system and breast disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Disturbed Sleep | General disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
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| Malaise | General disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Mentation Impaired | Psychiatric disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Hallucinations | Psychiatric disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Stomach Discomfort | Gastrointestinal disorders | SAFTEE | Systematic Assessment |
|
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