There is a growing body of evidence in the literature regarding the adverse effects of hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. To target and maintain better blood glucose regulation we implemented an insulin protocol with target blood glucose levels between 81-110 mg/dL.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Surgical or medical critically ill patients
• An expected ICU-stay of more than 72 hours
• Age > 16 years
• Need for insulin therapy
• Patients must have an arterial line

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who did not respond to the inclusion criteria
• Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis
• Cardiac surgical patients
• Patients transferred from other hospitals
• Other study enrollment