Unfortunately, other Phase III clinical Study (GEM+S-1 vs GEM vs S-1) have been started in Japan.

h

To assess the usefulness of Gemcitabine plus S-1 therapy based on the antitumor effect and survival period. By performing a phase I/II study of this combination in patients with inoperable or with postoperative pancreatic cancer.

A multicenter Open-label, single-arm, phase I/II clinical trial is conducted on patients with histological stage IV Pancreatic cancer given gemcitabine plus S-1. The usefulness of this regimens as 1st line therapy for pancreatic cancer was evaluated by the disease-free survival(DFS), median survival time (MST), incidence and severity of adverse event.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histological diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
2. Measurable or assessable lesions(Except for Phase I).
3. Age: 20 ~ 75 years.
4. Kar-nofsky Performance Status (KPS) > 70.
5. No prior chemotherapy
6. No history of treatment with gemcitabine or S-1.
7. No history of radiotherapy to the abdomen.
8. Oral intake of S-1 is possible.
9. Adequate function of major organs (bone marrow, heart, lungs, liver etc.). WBC 3,500/mm3 and Neutrophil 2,000/mm3. Hb 9.0 g/dl. Platelet count 100,000/mm3. GOT and GPT 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (excluding liver metastasis). T-Bil 2.0 mg/dl. Creatinine within the upper limit of normal). Normal ECG (not considering clinically unimportant arrhythmias and ischemic changes).
10. Predicted survival for >3 months.
11. Able to give written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Severe pleural effusion or ascites.
2. Metastasis to the central nervous system (CNS).
3. Active gastrointestinal bleeding.
4. Active infection.
5. Liver cirrhosis
6. Uncontrolled ischemic heart disease.
7. Serious complications (such as intestinal paralysis, intestinal obstruction, interstitial pneumonia or pulmonary fibrosis, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, heart failure, renal failure, or hepatic failure).
8. Active multiple cancer.
9. Severe mental disorder.
10. Pregnancy, possible pregnancy, or breast-feeding.
11. Flucytosine treatment
12. Judged to be ineligible for this protocol by the attending physician.