Serum HBV DNA is a referent but insufficient marker of therapeutic follow-up in chronic hepatitis B treatment. Intra hepatic cccDNA disappearance reflects HBV eradication in the liver.

Intra lymphocyte cccDNA could be a new marker of HBV eradication after treatment.

The major interest of this marker is that it can be measured by a simple blood test instead of a liver biopsy.

- Studying intra lymphocyte and blood cccDNA: before inclusions, D0 then each month during the first three months each three months during treatment and follow-up.

- Viral kinetics:Before inclusions, at D0, then monthly till the end of treatment and follow-up: Evolution of quantitative viraemia in serum Evolution of quantitative viraemia in circulating lymphocytes Evolution of quantitative viraemia in total blood

- Studying viral genotypes

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male and female patients >18 years of age and <70 years of age
• Patients AgHbs+ and AgHbe+ or AgHbe-, and B viral DNA >104 copies/ml PCR COBAS MONITOR
• Patients treated with adefovir dipivoxil and peg interferon alpha 2a
• Chronic liver disease consistent with chronic hepatitis B infection on a biopsy obtained within the past 24 months
• Naïve patients or patients having a relapse or a therapeutic failure after monotherapy lamivudine or interferon, or bitherapy interferon alpha-lamivudine

Exclusion Criteria:

• Co-infection HIV, HCV

Patients with chronic hepatitis B infection and treated with adefovir dipivoxil and peg interferon alpha 2a.