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A One Year Clinical Trial Assessing the Usefulness and Safety of Inhaled Insulin in Diabetics with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Pfizer announced in October 2007 that it would stop marketing Exubera. At that time recruitment for study A2171030 was placed on hold. Nektar, the company from which Pfizer licensed Exubera, announced on April 9, 2008 that it had stopped its search for a new marketing partner. Accordingly, there will be no commercial availability of Exubera. As a result, study A2171030 was terminated on June 17, 2008. Neither safety nor efficacy reasons were the cause of the study termination.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subcutaneous Insulin | Active Comparator |
| |
| Inhaled Insulin | Experimental |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subcutaneous Insulin | Drug | Subcutaneous short-acting insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus oral antidiabetic agent(s) and/or either once or twice daily doses of either Ultralente or neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin, or a single bedtime dose of insulin glargine. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Post-Bronchodilator Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) | FEV1 was measured in liters (L) 30 minutes following the administration of ipratropium. Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed FEV1 (L) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
| Change From Baseline in Post-Bronchodilator Carbon Monoxide Diffusion Capacity (DLco) | DLco measured in milliters/minutes/millimeters of mercury (mL/min/mmHg) 30 minutes following the administration of ipratropium. Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed DLco (mL/min/mmHg) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Full Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) (Spirometry, Pre-Ipratropium and Pre-Insulin PFTs) | Full PFTs included spirometry pre- and 30-minutes post-ipratropium and were completed between the hours of 6 AM and 10 AM with subjects in the fasting state. Full PFT data were collected, but not analyzed. | Duration of the study |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Pfizer CT.gov Call Center | Pfizer | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Glendale | Arizona | 85306 | United States | ||
| Pfizer Investigational Site |
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| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| To obtain contact information for a study center near you, click here. | View source |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Inhaled Insulin | Inhaled insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus basal insulin. |
| FG001 | Subcutaneous Insulin | Subcutaneous insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus basal insulin. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
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| Inhaled Insulin | Drug | Inhaled insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus oral antidiabetic agent(s) and/or either once or twice daily doses of either Ultralente or NPH insulin, or a single bedtime dose of insulin glargine. |
|
| Full PFTs (DLco, Pre-Ipratropium and Pre- Insulin PFTs) |
Full PFTs included DLco pre- and 30-minutes post-ipratropium and were completed between the hours of 6 AM and 10 AM with subjects in the fasting state. Full PFT data were collected, but not analyzed. |
| Duration of the study |
| Other PFTs (Besides FEV1 and DLco) | Other PFTs (besides FEV1 and DLco) were measured 30 minutes following the administration of ipratropium. Other PFTs included forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow rate (maximal forced expiratory flow) (PEFR[FEFmax]), and forced expiratory flow from 25% to 75% of vital capacity (FEF25%-75%). Other PFT data were collected, but not analyzed. | Duration of the study |
| Bronchodilator Responsiveness as Determined by the Change in FEV1 | Responsiveness was the percent change from the FEV1 value before bronchodilator use to the FEV1 value 30 minutes after bronchodilator use, operationally defined as [(post-bronchodilator FEV1 minus pre-bronchodilator FEV1 divided by pre-bronchodilator FEV1] multiplied by 100. | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
| Insulin Dose Responsiveness for FEV1 | FEV1 dose responsiveness 10 and 60 minutes after insulin. FEV1 dose-responsiveness to insulin (defined as the difference between the FEV1 value following a dose of insulin and FEV1 value before a dose of insulin, operationally defined as the post-dose FEV1 value minus pre-dose FEV1 value). | Baseline, Week 9, Week 51 |
| Insulin Dose Responsiveness for DLco | DLco dose responsivness 10 and 60 minutes after insulin. DLco dose-responsiveness to insulin (defined as the difference between the DLco value following a dose of insulin and DLco value before a dose of insulin, operationally defined as the post-dose DLco value minus pre-dose DLco value). | Baseline, Week 9, Week 51 |
| Methacholine PC20 | Methacholine challenge testing was conducted at selected sites at visits which did not occur at other sites (Weeks -2.9, -0.9, 11, 50 and 52+5). Methacholine challenge was not analyzed as there was only 1 test performed, which was a baseline test, and no methacholine tests performed in subjects using inhaled insulin. | Duration of the study |
| Mean Weekly Number of Puffs of Short-Acting Bronchodilator Used | All subjects used diary cards to record their daily use of short-acting bronchodilators. Subjects recorded the sum of their short-acting bronchodilator use (puffs of albuterol plus ipratropium plus Combivent®, as applicable) daily, immediately upon arising, and again in the evening or before bed. Mean weekly number of puffs of short-acting bronchodilator used data were collected, but not analyzed. | Duration of the study |
| Incidence of Non-Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations | Non-severe COPD exacerbation = additional therapy (systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, oxygen) needed for worsening respiratory symptoms and/or lung function, not needing hospitalization > 24 hours. Crude event rate = total events divided by subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | 0 to 1 week to > 9 months |
| Incidence of Severe COPD Exacerbations | Severe COPD exacerbation = a COPD-related hospitalization > 24 hours. Crude event rate = total events divided by subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | 0 to 1 week to > 9 months |
| Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI) and Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) Questionnaires | The BDI and TDI measured or quantitated the severity of breathlessness (shortness of breath) in symptomatic subjects. BDI and TDI data were collected, but not analyzed. | Duration of the study |
| Change From Baseline in Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) | Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed HbA1c at treatment duration minus baseline value). | Baseline, Weeks 6, 12, 26, 39, and 52 |
| Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose | Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed fasting plasma glucose in milligrams/deciliters (mg/dL) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | Baseline, Weeks 6, 12, 26, 39, 52 |
| Change From Baseline in Body Weight | Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed body weight in kilograms (kg) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 26, 39, 50, 51, 52 |
| Mean Total Daily Intermediate-/Long-Acting Insulin Dose (Unadjusted for Body Weight) | Intermediate-/long-acting insulin included Insulin NPH, Ultralente, and Insulin Glargine for both groups. | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
| Mean Total Daily Short-Acting Insulin Dose (Unadjusted for Body Weight) | Short-acting insulin (mg) for the Inhaled Insulin group was Inhaled Insulin. Short-acting insulin (unit) for the Subcutaneous Insulin group included Insulin Lispro, Insulin Aspart, and Regular Insulin. | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
| Mean Total Daily Intermediate-/Long-Acting Insulin Dose (Adjusted for Body Weight) | Intermediate/long-acting insulin included Insulin NPH, Ultralente, and Insulin Glargine for both groups. Dose was adjusted for body weight (units divided by kg). | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
| Mean Total Daily Short-Acting Insulin Dose (Adjusted for Body Weight) | Short-acting insulin (mg) for the Inhaled Insulin group was Inhaled Insulin. Short-acting insulin (unit) for the Subcutaneous Insulin group included Insulin Lispro, Insulin Aspart, and Regular Insulin. Dose was adjusted for body weight (mg divided by kg or units divided by kg). | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
| Lipids | Lipids collected: Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoptrotein, and triglycerides. Lipids data were collected, but not analyzed. | Duration of the study |
| Hypoglycemic Event Rates | A hypoglycemic event was identified by characteristic symptoms; blood glucose levels at 59 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L) or less with a glucose check; or any glucose measurement 49 mg/dL (2.7 mmol/L) or less, with or without symptoms. Crude event rate=total events divided by subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | 0 to1 month to > 11 months |
| Severe Hypoglcyemic Event Rates | An event was severe if the subject was unable to treat him/herself; had at least 1 neurological symptom; or blood glucose of < = 49 mg/dL or the blood glucose was not measured, but the clinical manifestations were reversed by oral carbohydrates, subcutaneous glucagon, or intravenous glucose. Crude event rate=total events/100 subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | 0 to 1 month to > 11 months |
| Peoria |
| Arizona |
| 85381 |
| United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Phoenix | Arizona | 85004 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Phoenix | Arizona | 85006 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Phoenix | Arizona | 85016 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Tucson | Arizona | 85715 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Jonesboro | Arkansas | 72401 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Searcy | Arkansas | 72143 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Berkeley | California | 94705 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Fresno | California | 93720 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Greenbrae | California | 94904 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Huntington Beach | California | 92648 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Los Angeles | California | 90073 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Riverside | California | 92506 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Tustin | California | 92780 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Denver | Colorado | 80209 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Waterbury | Connecticut | 06708 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Chiefland | Florida | 32626 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Clearwater | Florida | 33756 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Clearwater | Florida | 33765 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | DeLand | Florida | 32720 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Gainesville | Florida | 32608 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Lake City | Florida | 32025 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Melbourne | Florida | 32901 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Miami | Florida | 33144 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | West Palm Beach | Florida | 33401 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Winter Park | Florida | 32789 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Decatur | Georgia | 30033 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Honolulu | Hawaii | 96813 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Honululu | Hawaii | 96814 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Chicago | Illinois | 60607 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Normal | Illinois | 61761 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Evansville | Indiana | 47713-1227 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Indianapolis | Indiana | 46250 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Des Moines | Iowa | 50314 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Wichita | Kansas | 67203 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Madisonville | Kentucky | 42431 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | New Orleans | Louisiana | 70119 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Springfield | Massachusetts | 01103 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Springfield | Massachusetts | 01107 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Waltham | Massachusetts | 02453 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Kansas City | Missouri | 64106 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | St Louis | Missouri | 63141 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Butte | Montana | 59701 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Omaha | Nebraska | 68105 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Henderson | Nevada | 89015 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Las Vegas | Nevada | 89103 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Las Vegas | Nevada | 89128 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Albany | New York | 12205 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Albany | New York | 12206 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Cincinnati | Ohio | 45231 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Cincinnati | Ohio | 45242 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Toledo | Ohio | 43608 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Oklahoma City | Oklahoma | 73103 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Medford | Oregon | 97504 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Portland | Oregon | 97219 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Pittsburgh | Pennsylvania | 15243 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Spartanburg | South Carolina | 29303 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Spartanburg | South Carolina | 29307 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Memphis | Tennessee | 38119 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Nashville | Tennessee | 37203 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Beaumont | Texas | 77701 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Beaumont | Texas | 77706 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Dallas | Texas | 75231 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Houston | Texas | 77030 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | San Antonio | Texas | 78229 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | San Antonio | Texas | 78237 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Fredericksburg | Virginia | 22401 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Fredericksburg | Virginia | 22408 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Richmond | Virginia | 23225 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Richmond | Virginia | 23229 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Richmond | Virginia | 23235 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Richmond | Virginia | 23249 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Spokane | Washington | 99202 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Spokane | Washington | 99204 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Huntington | West Virginia | 25701 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Madison | Wisconsin | 53705 | United States |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Porto Alegre | Rio Grande do Sul | 90035-170 | Brazil |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Campinas | São Paulo | 13083-900 | Brazil |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | São Paulo | São Paulo | 01244-030 | Brazil |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | São Paulo | São Paulo | 04231-030 | Brazil |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Edmonton | Alberta | T5J 3N4 | Canada |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Red Deer | Alberta | T4N 6V7 | Canada |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Burlington | Ontario | L7M 4Y1 | Canada |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Laval | Quebec | H7T 2P5 | Canada |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Sherbrooke | Quebec | J1H 5N4 | Canada |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | San José | Provincia de San José | Costa Rica |
| Pfizer Investigational Site | Neuss | 41460 | Germany |
| COMPLETED |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Inhaled Insulin | Inhaled insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus basal insulin. |
| BG001 | Subcutaneous Insulin | Subcutaneous insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus basal insulin. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Units | Counts |
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| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes | |||||||||||||
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| Age, Customized | Number | participants |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Primary Diagnosis (Diabetes Type I or II) | Type I or Type II diabetes mellitus was defined using the American Diabetes Association criteria (2002). | Number | participants |
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| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Primary | Change From Baseline in Post-Bronchodilator Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) | FEV1 was measured in liters (L) 30 minutes following the administration of ipratropium. Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed FEV1 (L) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | Full Analysis Set (FAS), FEV1=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline FEV1 measurement (post-bronchodilator), and had at least 1 FEV1 post-baseline measurement (post-bronchodilator). Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | L | Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Full Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) (Spirometry, Pre-Ipratropium and Pre-Insulin PFTs) | Full PFTs included spirometry pre- and 30-minutes post-ipratropium and were completed between the hours of 6 AM and 10 AM with subjects in the fasting state. Full PFT data were collected, but not analyzed. | Posted | Number | L | Duration of the study |
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| Secondary | Full PFTs (DLco, Pre-Ipratropium and Pre- Insulin PFTs) | Full PFTs included DLco pre- and 30-minutes post-ipratropium and were completed between the hours of 6 AM and 10 AM with subjects in the fasting state. Full PFT data were collected, but not analyzed. | Posted | Number | mL/min/mmHg | Duration of the study |
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| Primary | Change From Baseline in Post-Bronchodilator Carbon Monoxide Diffusion Capacity (DLco) | DLco measured in milliters/minutes/millimeters of mercury (mL/min/mmHg) 30 minutes following the administration of ipratropium. Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed DLco (mL/min/mmHg) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | FAS, FEV1=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline FEV1 measurement (post-bronchodilator), and had at least 1 FEV1 post-baseline measurement (post-bronchodilator). Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | mL/min/mmHg | Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Other PFTs (Besides FEV1 and DLco) | Other PFTs (besides FEV1 and DLco) were measured 30 minutes following the administration of ipratropium. Other PFTs included forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow rate (maximal forced expiratory flow) (PEFR[FEFmax]), and forced expiratory flow from 25% to 75% of vital capacity (FEF25%-75%). Other PFT data were collected, but not analyzed. | Posted | Number | mL | Duration of the study |
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| Secondary | Bronchodilator Responsiveness as Determined by the Change in FEV1 | Responsiveness was the percent change from the FEV1 value before bronchodilator use to the FEV1 value 30 minutes after bronchodilator use, operationally defined as [(post-bronchodilator FEV1 minus pre-bronchodilator FEV1 divided by pre-bronchodilator FEV1] multiplied by 100. | FAS, FEV1=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline FEV1 measurement (post-bronchodilator), and had at least 1 FEV1 post-baseline measurement (post-bronchodilator). Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | percent change | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Insulin Dose Responsiveness for FEV1 | FEV1 dose responsiveness 10 and 60 minutes after insulin. FEV1 dose-responsiveness to insulin (defined as the difference between the FEV1 value following a dose of insulin and FEV1 value before a dose of insulin, operationally defined as the post-dose FEV1 value minus pre-dose FEV1 value). | FAS, FEV1=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline FEV1 measurement (post-bronchodilator), and had at least 1 FEV1 post-baseline measurement (post-bronchodilator). Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | L | Baseline, Week 9, Week 51 |
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| Secondary | Insulin Dose Responsiveness for DLco | DLco dose responsivness 10 and 60 minutes after insulin. DLco dose-responsiveness to insulin (defined as the difference between the DLco value following a dose of insulin and DLco value before a dose of insulin, operationally defined as the post-dose DLco value minus pre-dose DLco value). | FAS, FEV1=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline FEV1 measurement (post-bronchodilator), and had a FEV1 post-baseline measurement (post-bronchodilator). Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | mL/min/mmHg | Baseline, Week 9, Week 51 |
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| Secondary | Methacholine PC20 | Methacholine challenge testing was conducted at selected sites at visits which did not occur at other sites (Weeks -2.9, -0.9, 11, 50 and 52+5). Methacholine challenge was not analyzed as there was only 1 test performed, which was a baseline test, and no methacholine tests performed in subjects using inhaled insulin. | Posted | Number | mg/mL | Duration of the study |
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| Secondary | Mean Weekly Number of Puffs of Short-Acting Bronchodilator Used | All subjects used diary cards to record their daily use of short-acting bronchodilators. Subjects recorded the sum of their short-acting bronchodilator use (puffs of albuterol plus ipratropium plus Combivent®, as applicable) daily, immediately upon arising, and again in the evening or before bed. Mean weekly number of puffs of short-acting bronchodilator used data were collected, but not analyzed. | Posted | Number | puffs | Duration of the study |
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| Secondary | Incidence of Non-Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations | Non-severe COPD exacerbation = additional therapy (systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, oxygen) needed for worsening respiratory symptoms and/or lung function, not needing hospitalization > 24 hours. Crude event rate = total events divided by subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | FAS, FEV1=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline FEV1 measurement (post-bronchodilator), and had at least 1 FEV1 post-baseline measurement (post-bronchodilator). Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Number | events/subject-month (crude event rate) | 0 to 1 week to > 9 months |
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| Secondary | Incidence of Severe COPD Exacerbations | Severe COPD exacerbation = a COPD-related hospitalization > 24 hours. Crude event rate = total events divided by subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | FAS, FEV1=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline FEV1 measurement (post-bronchodilator), and had at least 1 FEV1 post-baseline measurement (post-bronchodilator). Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Number | events/subject-month (crude event rate) | 0 to 1 week to > 9 months |
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| Secondary | Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI) and Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) Questionnaires | The BDI and TDI measured or quantitated the severity of breathlessness (shortness of breath) in symptomatic subjects. BDI and TDI data were collected, but not analyzed. | Posted | Number | grade | Duration of the study |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) | Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed HbA1c at treatment duration minus baseline value). | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Week 52 Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF)=subjects' last measurement carried forward. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | percent | Baseline, Weeks 6, 12, 26, 39, and 52 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose | Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed fasting plasma glucose in milligrams/deciliters (mg/dL) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Week 52 Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF)=subjects' last measurement carried forward. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | mg/dL | Baseline, Weeks 6, 12, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Body Weight | Change from baseline: mean of (value of observed body weight in kilograms (kg) at treatment duration minus baseline value). | FAS, HbA1c=randomized subjects with >=1 study drug dose, baseline and >=1 post-baseline HbA1c measurement. Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) method used. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. Week 11 and 50 visits were part of the methacholine substudy and were not required visits for all subjects. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | kg | Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 26, 39, 50, 51, 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Total Daily Intermediate-/Long-Acting Insulin Dose (Unadjusted for Body Weight) | Intermediate-/long-acting insulin included Insulin NPH, Ultralente, and Insulin Glargine for both groups. | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Units | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Total Daily Short-Acting Insulin Dose (Unadjusted for Body Weight) | Short-acting insulin (mg) for the Inhaled Insulin group was Inhaled Insulin. Short-acting insulin (unit) for the Subcutaneous Insulin group included Insulin Lispro, Insulin Aspart, and Regular Insulin. | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | mg, Units | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Total Daily Intermediate-/Long-Acting Insulin Dose (Adjusted for Body Weight) | Intermediate/long-acting insulin included Insulin NPH, Ultralente, and Insulin Glargine for both groups. Dose was adjusted for body weight (units divided by kg). | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Units/kg | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Total Daily Short-Acting Insulin Dose (Adjusted for Body Weight) | Short-acting insulin (mg) for the Inhaled Insulin group was Inhaled Insulin. Short-acting insulin (unit) for the Subcutaneous Insulin group included Insulin Lispro, Insulin Aspart, and Regular Insulin. Dose was adjusted for body weight (mg divided by kg or units divided by kg). | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | mg/kg, Units/kg | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 26, 39, 52 |
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| Secondary | Lipids | Lipids collected: Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoptrotein, and triglycerides. Lipids data were collected, but not analyzed. | Posted | Number | mg/dL | Duration of the study |
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| Secondary | Hypoglycemic Event Rates | A hypoglycemic event was identified by characteristic symptoms; blood glucose levels at 59 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L) or less with a glucose check; or any glucose measurement 49 mg/dL (2.7 mmol/L) or less, with or without symptoms. Crude event rate=total events divided by subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Number | events / subject-month | 0 to1 month to > 11 months |
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| Secondary | Severe Hypoglcyemic Event Rates | An event was severe if the subject was unable to treat him/herself; had at least 1 neurological symptom; or blood glucose of < = 49 mg/dL or the blood glucose was not measured, but the clinical manifestations were reversed by oral carbohydrates, subcutaneous glucagon, or intravenous glucose. Crude event rate=total events/100 subject-months. Subject-months=elapsed number of months a subject was in the study in each time interval. | FAS, HbA1c=all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study treatment, had a baseline HbA1c measurement, and had at least 1 HbA1c post-baseline measurement. Number of subjects with evaluable data: n=Inhaled Insulin, Subcutaneous Insulin. | Posted | Number | events / 100 subject-months | 0 to 1 month to > 11 months |
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Inhaled Insulin | Inhaled insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus basal insulin. | 17 | 59 | ||||
| EG001 | Subcutaneous Insulin | Subcutaneous insulin with dose adjusted according to premeal blood glucose plus basal insulin. | 14 | 38 |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anaemia | Blood and lymphatic system disorders | MedDRA (v12.0) | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Angina unstable | Cardiac disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Coronary artery disease | Cardiac disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Myocardial infarction | Cardiac disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Inguinal hernia | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Intestinal obstruction | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Nausea | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Vomiting projectile | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Chest pain | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Hypothermia | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Ill-defined disorder | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Implant site erosion | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Appendicitis | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Cellulitis | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Gastroenteritis viral | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Osteomyelitis | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Pneumonia | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Postoperative wound infection | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Drug administration error | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Radius fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Rib fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Wrist fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Electrocardiogram abnormal | Investigations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Troponin increased | Investigations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Dehydration | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Diabetic ketoacidosis | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Hypoglycaemia | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Ketoacidosis | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Back pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Lung adenocarcinoma metastatic | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Rectal cancer | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Depressed level of consciousness | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Neuropathy peripheral | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Syncope | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Azotaemia | Renal and urinary disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Bladder neck obstruction | Renal and urinary disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Arteriosclerosis | Vascular disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Hypertension | Vascular disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Hypotension | Vascular disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anaemia | Blood and lymphatic system disorders | MedDRA (v12.0) | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Coronary artery disease | Cardiac disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Myocardial infarction | Cardiac disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Vision blurred | Eye disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Constipation | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Diarrhoea | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Nausea | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Toothache | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Vomiting | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Asthenia | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Chest pain | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Fatigue | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Oedema peripheral | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Seasonal allergy | Immune system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Bronchitis | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Gastroenteritis | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Gastroenteritis viral | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Influenza | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Nasopharyngitis | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Otitis media | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Pneumonia | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Sinusitis | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Upper respiratory tract infection | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Urinary tract infection | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Contusion | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Hypoglycaemia | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Arthralgia | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Back pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Musculoskeletal pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Myalgia | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Pain in extremity | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Dizziness | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Headache | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Neuropathy peripheral | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Tremor | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Cough | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Dyspnoea | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Productive cough | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Pulmonary congestion | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Hyperhidrosis | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Hypertension | Vascular disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
This study was terminated due to Pfizer's decision to stop marketing Exubera®. Due to inconsistency in concomitant medication data entry, interpretation of the event rates for non-severe exacerbations may be of limited clinical value.
Pfizer has the right to review disclosures, requesting a delay of < 60 days. Investigator will postpone single center publications until after disclosure of pooled data (all sites), < 12 months from study completion/termination at all participating sites. Investigator may not disclose previously undisclosed confidential information other than study results.
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pfizer ClinicalTrials.gov Call Center | Pfizer, Inc. | 1-800-718-1021 | ClinicalTrials.govCallCenter@pfizer.com |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D029424 | Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D008173 | Lung Diseases, Obstructive |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
Not provided
Not provided
| Title | Measurements |
|---|---|
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| 56 to 65 years |
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| 66 to 75 years |
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| > 75 years |
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| Male |
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| Type II |
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| Week 3 (n=47, 40) |
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| Week 4 (n=50, 38) |
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| Week 6 (n=53, 38) |
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| Week 12 (n=48, 41) |
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| Week 18 (n=52, 37) |
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| Week 26 (n=52, 38) |
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| Week 39, (n=47, 34) |
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| Week 52 (n=45, 30) |
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