There is a scarcity of clinical trials assessing the effects of medications in children with bipolar disorder. This study aims to assess the efficacy of Aripiprazole (a novel anti-psychotic drug) for the treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder comorbid with ADHD. The study design is a 8-week randomized, double blind, parallel group trial. Patients were randomized to either aripiprazole or placebo.

The main hypotheses are:

1. Aripiprazole will significantly reduce maniac scores compared to placebo
2. Aripiprazole will significantly reduce ADHD scores compared to placebo

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic disorder that severely affects the normal development of children and adolescents. The disorder is associated with high rates of suicide tentative and high-risk behaviors like sexual promiscuity and drug abuse. Bipolar disorder in children is also associated with high rates of comorbidity, especially with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). There is a scarcity of clinical trials assessing the effects of medications in children with BD. Moreover, the frequent presence of comorbid ADHD might determine lower response to treatment. Aripiprazole is a novel anti-psychotic drug. Its mechanism of action seems to be related to a stabilization of dopaminergic transmission, acting as a partial agonist especially in dopaminergic D2 receptors. It also has effects in 5-HT1a serotonergic receptors. Thus, it might have a promising effect in children and adolescents with comorbid BD and ADHD. A retrospective chart review, recently published, suggests the efficacy of this drug in children with BD. This study aims to assess the efficacy of Aripiprazole (a novel anti-psychotic drug) for the treatment of 50 children and adolescents (age range: 08 to 17 years-old) with Bipolar Disorder comorbid with ADHD. The study design is an 6-week randomized, double blind, parallel group trial. Patients were randomized to either aripiprazole or placebo. The hypotheses are: 1) Aripiprazole will significantly reduce maniac scores compared to placebo; 2)Aripiprazole will significantly reduce ADHD scores compared to placebo; 3) Aripiprazole will not be significantly associated to weight gain compared to placebo.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age: 8-17
• BD type I or II comorbid with ADHD
• Baseline score in the YMRS > or = 20

Exclusion Criteria:

• IQ < 70
• Pharmacologic treatment in the last month
• Pregnancy or absence of a contraceptive method in fertile girls
• Diagnoses: pervasive development disorder, schizophrenia, drug abuse or dependency
• Risk of suicide or homicide
• Clinical condition that might interfere in the study
• Known sensibility to aripiprazole