Randomized Phase II Trial of Idarubicin + Ara-C +/- Bevacizumab in Patients Age < 60 With Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Randomized Phase II Trial of Idarubicin + Ara-C +/- Bevacizumab in Patients Age < 60 With Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as idarubicin and cytarabine, work in different ways to stop cancer cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Bevacizumab may stop the growth of cancer by stopping blood flow to the leukemic cells in the bone marrow. Giving idarubicin and cytarabine with bevacizumab may kill more cancer cells. It is not yet know whether giving idarubicin together with cytarabine is more effective with or without bevacizumab in treating acute myeloid leukemia. This randomized phase II trial is studying how well giving idarubicin and cytarabine together with bevacizumab works compared to idarubicin and cytarabine alone in treating patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Compare the activity of idarubicin and cytarabine with or without bevacizumab in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.
II. Compare the proportion of patients who survive and remain in first complete remission (CR) one year from achieving CR after treatment with these regimens.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Compare the safety of these regimens in these patients.
OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to age (< 45 vs 45 to 59), cytogenetics (normal vs -5/-7 vs other), flt 3 status (normal vs mutated), and type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (de novo vs secondary [arising after cytotoxic therapy or after an antecedent hematologic disorder, defined as a documented abnormality in blood count for >= 3 months before diagnosis of AML]. Patients who require treatment before cytogenetics or flt 3 status is known (e.g., patients with WBC > 50,000 OR with organ dysfunction thought to be due to blast infiltration) are stratified only according to age and type of AML. Induction therapy: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.
Arm I: Patients receive idarubicin IV over 1 hour on days 1-3 and cytarabine IV continuously over 24 hours on days 1-4.
Arm II: Patients receive idarubicin and cytarabine as in arm I. Patients also receive bevacizumab* IV over 30-90 minutes on day 1. Patients who do not achieve complete remission (CR) after the first induction course may receive a second induction course approximately 28 days* later. Patients who do not achieve CR after 2 courses are removed from the study.
NOTE: *Patients in arm II receive bevacizumab, independently of chemotherapy administration schedule, once every 21 days for 1 year from CR date.
Post-CR therapy: All patients receive 4 post-CR chemotherapy courses approximately every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Course 1: Patients receive cytarabine IV continuously over 24 hours on days 1-5.
Course 2 and 4: Patients receive idarubicin IV over 1 hour and cytarabine IV continuously over 24 hours on days 1-4.
Course 3: Patients receive idarubicin IV over 1 hour and cytarabine IV continuously over 24 hours on days 1-2. After completion of the 4 post-CR chemotherapy courses, patients in arm I induction therapy do not receive further therapy. Patients in arm II induction therapy continue to receive bevacizumab as described above.After completion of study treatment, patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years.
PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 60-120 patients (30-60 per treatment arm) will be accrued for this study within 12-30 months.
Inclusion Criteria:
Newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
No acute promyelocytic leukemia
None of the following cytogenetic abnormalities*:
No history or clinical evidence of primary brain tumors or brain metastasis
Performance status - ECOG 0-2
No bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy (unless related to AML)
Bilirubin ≤ 2.0 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
ALT ≤ 2.5 times ULN
Creatinine ≤ 2.0 times ULN
No proteinuria
No more than 1 g of protein on 24-hour urine collection
LVEF ≥ 50%
No uncontrolled hypertension
No New York Heart Association class II-IV congestive heart failure
No serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication
No peripheral vascular disease ≥ grade II
No stroke within the past 6 months
No arterial thromboembolic event within the past 6 months, including any of the following:
No other clinically significant cardiovascular disease
Not pregnant or nursing
Negative pregnancy test
Fertile patients must use effective contraception during and for at least 3-4 months after study participation
No serious or non-healing wound ulcer or bone fracture
No uncontrolled infection
No significant traumatic injury within the past 28 days
No known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or other recombinant human antibodies
No history or clinical evidence of CNS disease (e.g., seizures not controlled with standard medical therapy)
Prior or concurrent transfusions or hematopoietic growth factors for AML allowed
Prior or concurrent hydroxyurea for AML allowed
More than 28 days since prior major surgery or open biopsy
No concurrent major surgery
No other prior therapy for AML
No concurrent full-dose anticoagulation therapy
No other concurrent anticancer therapies
No other concurrent investigational cytotoxic agents