Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients With Stage IV or Relapsed Malignant Melanoma

A Phase I Trial Testing Mart-1 Peptide Immunization in Malignant Melanoma

RATIONALE: Vaccines made from peptides may make the body build an immune response to kill tumor cells.

PURPOSE: Phase I/II trial to study the effectiveness of vaccine therapy in treating patients who have stage IV, or relapsed malignant melanoma.

OBJECTIVES:

• Determine the safety of administering MART-1 peptide-pulsed dendritic cells to patients with stage IV or relapsed malignant melanoma.
• Determine the immunological and clinical responses in this patient population after this therapy.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study.

Patients undergo leukapheresis between days -14 to -8. Mononuclear cells are isolated, used to generate dendritic cells (DC), and then pulsed with MART-1 peptide. Patients are vaccinated with MART-1 peptide-pulsed DC either IV or intradermally on days 0, 14, and 28.

Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of MART-1 peptide-pulsed DC until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which 2 of 6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity.

Patients are followed until death.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 18-24 patients will be accrued for this study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults over the age of 18 with malignant melanoma.

• HLA-A2.1 positive and express MART-1, as assessed by either RT-PCR or by immunohistochemistry

• Tumor stages T3N0M0 or greater are eligible for this trial according to the following:

  1. I (<.75 to 1.5 mm or Clark level III-T1-2N0M0-)-not eligible
  2. II (1.5 to 4 mm or level IV-T3N0M0-)-eligible
  3. III (limited nodal metastasis involving one regional lymph node basin, or fewer than 5 in-transit metastasis -TxN1M0-)-eligible
  4. IV (advanced regional metastasis -TxN2M0- or any distant metastasis -TxNxM1-)-eligible
  5. Relapsed melanoma-eligible

• Patients previously treated with any form of therapy for either metastatic, relapsed or primary melanoma are eligible for this trial, provided that previous treatment was completed >30 days prior to enrollment

• Both male and females may be enrolled. Premenopausal females must have a negative pregnancy test prior to treatment

• Karnofsky Performance Status greater than or equal to 70 percent

• No previous evidence of class 3 or greater New York Heart Association cardiac insufficiency or coronary artery disease

• No previous evidence of opportunistic infection

• A minimum of 30 days must have elapsed since the completion of prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy or radiation therapy

• Adequate baseline hematological function as assessed by the following laboratory values within 30 days prior to study entry (day -30 to 0):

  1. Hemoglobin >9.0 g/dl
  2. Platelets > 100000/mm3
  3. WBC > 3000/mm3
  4. Absolute Neutrophil Count > 1000/mm3

• Positive skin test to common antigens (tetanus and candida)

• Ability to give informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Lactating females and females of child-bearing potential must have negative serum beta-HCG pregnancy test
• Acute infection: any acute viral, bacterial, or fungal infection which requires specific therapy. Acute therapy must have been completed within 14 days of prior to study treatment
• HIV-infected patients
• Acute medical problems such as ischemic heart or lung disease that may be considered an unacceptable anesthetic or operative risk
• Patients with any underlying conditions which would contraindicate therapy with study treatment (or allergies to reagents used in this study)
• Patients with organ allografts
• Uncontrolled CNS metastasis. Patients with CNS metastasis will be eligible if they have received CNS irradiation to control local tumor growth